以三种非极性氨基酸为例探讨氨基酸合成代谢的化学原理

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX201805046

大学化学 >> 2019, Vol. 34 >> Issue (3): 23-31.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201805046

以三种非极性氨基酸为例探讨氨基酸合成代谢的化学原理

马新雨¹,王志鹏^1,^4,*(),田杰²,蒋振雄²,缑允梓²,颜惠娟³,许兵³

¹ Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA
² Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA
³ Plant Pathology & Microbiology Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA
⁴ 清华大学化学系, 北京 100084

收稿日期:2018-05-29 录用日期:2018-06-21 发布日期:2019-03-09
通讯作者: 王志鹏 E-mail:zhipeng.wang@chem.tamu.edu

Discussion on the Chemical Principles of Amino Acid Metabolism Based on Three Non-Polar Amino Acids

Xinyu MA¹,Zhipeng A. WANG^1,^4,*(),Jie TIAN²,Zhenxiong JIANG²,Yunzi GOU²,Huijuan YAN³,Bing XU³

¹ Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77840, USA
² Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, Texas 77840, USA
³ Plant Pathology & Microbiology Department, Texas A&M University, Texas 77840, USA
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China

Received:2018-05-29 Accepted:2018-06-21 Published:2019-03-09
Contact: Zhipeng A. WANG E-mail:zhipeng.wang@chem.tamu.edu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

由于氨基酸代谢的多样性和相对独立性，在基础教学中对相关内容的讨论和推广对培养21世纪新型跨学科人才是极其重要的。本文将以三种基本的非极性天然氨基酸——缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和亮氨酸为例，从氨基酸合成代谢的内容和方式等方面做教学模式的探索，并尝试归纳与总结自然界采取这样代谢路径的原因和逻辑。同时，其中相关的生物化学过程也体现出生命体系所采取的不同寻常的合成路径和反应机制。这对于本科生而言不仅是具有趣味性与启发性的良好的素材，也是了解目前研究热点和积累知识的有效渠道，期望对其后续深入的学习和研究有帮助。

关键词: 缬氨酸, 异亮氨酸, 亮氨酸, 极性翻转, 合成代谢, 硫胺素二磷酸

Abstract:

Considering the diversity and relative independence of amino acid metabolic pathways, the introduction and expansion of contents related to undergraduate education are important to foster a new generation of promising interdisciplinary researchers of the 21st century. This manuscript applies three non-polar natural amino acids, Val, Ile, and Leu, as examples to the exploring of a novel teaching example for lecturing the contents and methods of amino acid metabolism. The manuscript also attempts to generalize and summarize the reasons and logics behind the choices that nature makes for these metabolic pathways. Meanwhile, the biochemical processes involved reflects some unusual metabolic pathways and chemical reaction principles in life science. These pieces of knowledge are not only attractive and inspiring materials for undergraduate education, but also an effective way to illustrate current research frontiers. This manuscript is looking forward to helping students in their further studies and researches.

Key words: Valine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Umpolung, Metabolism, Thiamine pyrophosphate

MSC2000:

马新雨,王志鹏,田杰,蒋振雄,缑允梓,颜惠娟,许兵. 以三种非极性氨基酸为例探讨氨基酸合成代谢的化学原理[J]. 大学化学, 2019, 34(3): 23-31.

Xinyu MA,Zhipeng A. WANG,Jie TIAN,Zhenxiong JIANG,Yunzi GOU,Huijuan YAN,Bing XU. Discussion on the Chemical Principles of Amino Acid Metabolism Based on Three Non-Polar Amino Acids[J]. University Chemistry, 2019, 34(3): 23-31.

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以三种非极性氨基酸为例探讨氨基酸合成代谢的化学原理

Discussion on the Chemical Principles of Amino Acid Metabolism Based on Three Non-Polar Amino Acids

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