分子组装机器：纳米工厂

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906016

大学化学 >> 2020, Vol. 35 >> Issue (2): 114-134.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201906016

分子组装机器：纳米工厂

黄政凯^1,2, 雷哲轩¹, 杨娟¹

1 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 北京 100871;
2 麻省理工学院化学系, 剑桥, 马萨诸塞州 02139

收稿日期:2019-06-10 发布日期:2019-08-29
通讯作者: 杨娟 E-mail:yang_juan@p

Molecular Assembler: Nanofactories

Zhengkai Huang^1,2, Zhexuan Lei¹, Juan Yang¹

1 College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China;
2 Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA

Received:2019-06-10 Published:2019-08-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在2016年获得诺贝尔化学奖后，分子机器作为最具应用前景的化学领域之一而广受关注。从属于其中的分子组装机器是一种能在微观尺度上精确控制化学反应的机器，又可称为纳米工厂。本文对纳米工厂的设计思路进行简要综述，结合工作原理与实际表现分析近年来相关的研究成果，并对其研究前景与面临的诸多挑战加以陈述与总结。

关键词: 分子机器, 分子组装机器, 分子行者, 分子机械臂, 自我复制机器

Abstract: Molecular machines have attracted significant attentions as one of the most promising aspects of chemistry for their potential applications ever since receiving the 2016 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The molecular assembler, also called the nanofactory, is a novel type of molecular machines that are capable of controlling the chemical reactions precisely at the microscopic level. As an analog to the macroscopic factories, nanofactories are comprised of a "transporting" part, the molecular walkers, and an "assembling" part, the molecular robotic arms. In this review, we provide a brief introduction of the research progress in recent years together with analysis on the principles of designing, constructing and operating molecular assemblers. We also summarize the prospects and challenges in the research area of molecular assemblers.

Key words: Molecular machine, Molecular assembler, Molecular walker, Molecular robotic arm, Self-replicating machine

MSC2000:

黄政凯, 雷哲轩, 杨娟. 分子组装机器：纳米工厂[J]. 大学化学, 2020, 35(2): 114-134.

Zhengkai Huang, Zhexuan Lei, Juan Yang. Molecular Assembler: Nanofactories[J]. University Chemistry, 2020, 35(2): 114-134.

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分子组装机器：纳米工厂

Molecular Assembler: Nanofactories

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