大学化学 >> 2021, Vol. 36 >> Issue (4): 2005064.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202005064

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

旋光度法测蔗糖水解反应速率常数实验的热力学探究

于少芬1, 赵倩1, 何有清2, 刘刚1,*(), 宋其圣1, 苑世领1   

  1. 1 山东大学化学与化工学院, 济南 250100
    2 山东师范大学附属中学, 济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-24 录用日期:2020-07-10 发布日期:2020-07-16
  • 通讯作者: 刘刚 E-mail:sdu_lg@sdu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:刘刚, Email: sdu_lg@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东大学教育教学改革项目(2020Y229)

Thermodynamic Study on the Experiment of Measuring the Rate Constant of Sucrose Hydrolysis Reaction by Optical Rotation Method

Shaofen Yu1, Qian Zhao1, Youqing He2, Gang Liu1,*(), Qisheng Song1, Shiling Yuan1   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
    2 High School Attached to Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
  • Received:2020-05-24 Accepted:2020-07-10 Published:2020-07-16
  • Contact: Gang Liu E-mail:sdu_lg@sdu.edu.cn

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摘要：

旋光法测蔗糖水解速率常数是大学物理化学实验中非常经典的化学动力学实验之一。本文对该实验项目进行了深入讨论，探讨了蔗糖水解体系旋光度的加和性、蔗糖水解反应的可逆性以及温度对可逆反应平衡的影响，验证了当前实验教学中将蔗糖水解反应近似为一级反应、忽略蔗糖水解反应的可逆性、蔗糖完全水解溶液的实验条件等内容，拓展了蔗糖水解实验的教学内容，加深了学生对旋光度、化学反应级数、热力学动态平衡等知识的理解。

关键词: 蔗糖水解, 可逆反应, 反应级数

Abstract:

The optical rotation measurement of the rate constant of sucrose hydrolysis reaction is one of the very classic chemical kinetic experiments in the university physical chemistry laboratory. In this paper, the addition of the optical rotation of the sucrose hydrolysis system, the reversibility of the sucrose hydrolysis reaction, and the effect of temperature on the reversible reaction equilibrium are discussed in depth. This article verifies the approximate processing in the current laboratory teaching, such as approximating the sucrose hydrolysis reaction as a first-order reaction, ignoring the reversed reaction, and the experimental conditions for obtaining the complete hydrolysis solution of sucrose. This article expands the teaching content of the sucrose hydrolysis experiment and deepens the students' understanding of optical rotation, chemical reaction order, thermodynamic dynamic balance and other knowledge.

Key words: Sucrose hydrolysis, Reversible reaction, Reaction order

MSC2000: 

  • G64