大学化学 >> 2018, Vol. 33 >> Issue (4): 74-78.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201712019

师生笔谈 上一篇    下一篇

热力学在无机化学“四大平衡”教学中的应用

黄荣彬*(),匡勤,黄华奇   

  • 收稿日期:2017-12-14 发布日期:2018-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 黄荣彬 E-mail:rbhuang@xmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1310024)

Applications of Thermodynamics in the Chemical Equilibria of General Chemistry

Rongbin HUANG*(),Qin KUANG,Huaqi HUANG   

  • Received:2017-12-14 Published:2018-04-08
  • Contact: Rongbin HUANG E-mail:rbhuang@xmu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1310024)

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摘要：

利用化学反应吉布斯自由能变化ΔrGmӨ来计算无机化学“四大平衡”的平衡常数，解释诸如沉淀-溶解平衡教学中为什么要求微溶强电解质等问题，并从化学反应等温式类推了电极反应的等温式，推导了复杂电极的标准电极电势与其简单电极的标准电极电势之间的关系，拓展了热力学在现行基础化学教学上的应用范围。

关键词: 化学平衡, 吉布斯自由能变化, 微溶强电解质, 复杂电极电势

Abstract:

The basic principles of chemical thermodynamics, as well as the difference of Gibb's free energy, were used to handle chemical equilibria, such as calculations of equilibrium constants and how to understand that only if the sparingly soluble strong electrolyte may keep the product of its ionic concentration constant. The potential of complicated electrode was formulated with the potential of its simple electrode.

Key words: Chemical equilibria, The difference of Gibb's free energy, Sparingly soluble strong electrolyte, Potential of complicated electrode

MSC2000: 

  • G64