神奇化学之破译无字天书

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202206002

Abstract

Abstract:

Since ancient times, chemical knowledge has been used to produce and decrypt invisible books. In this article, through the experience of Agent Sun and his granddaughter, we not only propagate the chemical knowledge contained in invisible books to the public and describe how to make invisible books skillfully with common objects used in daily life, but also introduce organic fluorescent materials to popularize scientific achievements in new encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and decryption. Thus, this article communicates the importance of information security and scientific and technological progress, while cultivating an interest in chemistry.

MSC2000:

Chenchen Huang, Tian He, Shouchun Yin. Deciphering the Wordless Heavenly Script through the Magic of Chemistry[J].University Chemistry, 2022, 37(9): 2206002.

Figures/Tables 7

References 15

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分类	隐形墨水	显色方法	原理	颜色
酸碱指示剂	酚酞	喷洒碱性溶液 (如碳酸氢钠)	酚酞在pH = 8.2–10.0时呈现红色	字迹红色
氧化还原反应	硝酸铅	喷硫化铵/碘化钾溶液	2PbNO₃ + (NH₄)₂S → 2PbS↓ + 2NH₄NO₃ 2PbNO₃ + 2KI → PbI₂↓ + 2KNO₃	字迹黑色/黄色
	过氧二硫酸钾	喷碘化钾溶液	2I^? + S₂O₈^2? → I₂ + 2SO₄^2?	字迹棕色
	硫代硫酸钠	喷碘酒溶液	I₂ + 2S₂O₃^2? → 2I^? + S₄O₆^2?	字迹无色，背景棕色
	草酸	喷高锰酸钾溶液	5C₂O₄^2? + 2MnO₄^? + 16H⁺ → 2Mn²⁺ + 10CO₂↑ + 8H₂O	字迹无色，背景紫红
显色反应	氢氧化钠	喷氯化铁溶液	3NaOH + FeCl₃ → 3NaCl + Fe(OH)₃↓	字迹红褐色
酯化反应	洋葱液汁/ 柠檬汁/醋	加热	有机酸与纸张的纤维素(含羟基)形成类似薄膜的酯类物质，着火点降低	字迹焦黄色
蛋白质变性	牛奶	加热	高温导致蛋白质变性	字迹黄色
物理作用	浓盐水	用铅笔摩擦	在纸上形成食盐晶体，导致表面不平	字迹黑色

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Deciphering the Wordless Heavenly Script through the Magic of Chemistry

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