新时代背景下物理化学实验的课程思政教学初探

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202103054

Abstract

Abstract:

Taking the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University as an example, under the background of the new era, thought was excavated to improve students' political accomplishment. Through the attention of experimental teaching content, students' sense of social responsibility was cultivated. At the same time, based on experimental teaching, students' rigorous and realistic scientific attitude were developed in the college. In addition, the stories of scientists were introduced into teaching for students to learn. Meanwhile, the research and design experiments were valued by teachers to strengthen students' innovative spirit and team consciousness. A preliminary exploration on the ideological and political education in physical chemistry experiments teaching was made in this paper, which would be a reference for the implementation of ideological and political education reform in University experiment teaching.

Key words: New area, Course ideology and politics, Physical chemistry experiments

MSC2000:

Yue Sun, Zuan Yang. Preliminary Exploration of Course Ideology and Politics Teaching of Physical Chemistry Experiments under the Background of New Era[J].University Chemistry, 2021, 36(8): 2103054.

Figures/Tables 3

序号	实验内容	实验类型及学时	思政元素	思政教学思路
1	燃烧热的测定	基础实验 6学时	(1) (2) (3) (4) (7) (15)	燃烧热的测定过程中，尝试引入清洁能源——可燃冰，引导学生思考我国目前面临的能源问题，培养学生为国家做贡献的社会责任感
2	凝固点降低法测定葡萄糖的摩尔质量	基础实验 6学时	(2) (3) (4) (5) (7) (10) (11) (15)	利用凝固点降低法测定物质的摩尔质量这一实验，对传统版和改良版的研究体系进行比较，培养学生绿水青山就是金山银山的环保理念
3	双液系的气-液平衡相图	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (10) (12) (14) (15)	通过引导学生精确读取相关数据及准确绘制组成图，培养学生严谨细致的科学态度和精益求精的工匠精神。
4	氨基甲酸铵分解反应平衡常数的测定	基础实验 6学时	(2) (3) (4) (12) (15)	通过真空泵的使用，真空实验技术的比较等，培养学生的安全责任意识
5	原电池电动势的测定和相关热力学函数的计算	基础实验 4学时	(3) (4) (5) (6) (9) (15)	利用对消法测定电池电动势以及一些电极的电极电势，与所学理论进行联系比较，使学生深入理解实践是检验真理的唯一标准的哲学思想
6	电势-pH曲线的测定与应用	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (5) (10) (11) (12) (13) (15)	通过向学生讲授实验背后科学家(布拜)的故事，引导学生学习科学家的精神
7	蔗糖水解反应速率常数的测定	基础实验 4学时	(2) (3) (4) (7) (9) (11) (15)	利用旋光法测定蔗糖水解反应的速率常数，探究一级反应的特点，引导学生将实验结果与理论课所学知识进行对比，培养学生理论联系实际的能力
8	乙酸乙酯皂化反应速率常数的测定	基础实验 6学时	(2) (3) (4) (5) (7) (15)	利用电导法测定乙酸乙酯皂化反应的速率常数，探究二级反应的特点，引导学生将实验结果与理论课所学知识进行对比，培养学生理论联系实际的能力
9	最大泡压法测定溶液的表面张力	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (5) (8) (9) (10) (15)	通过测定正丁醇分子的横截面积与文献值进行对比，使学生深入理解实践是检验真理的唯一标准的哲学思想
10	黏度法测定水溶性高聚物相对分子质量	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (6) (12) (14) (15)	利用乌氏黏度计，通过引导学生多次实验，准确读取溶剂及不同浓度高聚物溶液的流出时间，培养学生严谨细致的科学态度和精益求精的工匠精神
11	电导法测定水溶性表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (8) (12) (15)	利用电导法测定表面活性剂溶液的临界胶束浓度，通过如实记录实验数据，感受事物是由量变到质变的转变过程
12	络合物的磁化率测定	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (9) (10) (11) (12) (15)	由配合物磁化率与不成对电子数之间的内在关系，加深学生对透过现象看本质哲学思想的理解
13	溶液法测定极性分子的偶极矩	基础实验 6学时	(3) (4) (7) (10) (15)	通过讲解计算偶极矩的复杂公式，引导学生学习科学家的不畏困难、刻苦钻研的精神
14	甲醛分子的结构和性质的计算化学研究	基础实验 6学时	(2) (3) (4) (7) (9) (11) (12) (15)	通过量子化学相关进展的讨论，使学生了解化学不再是纯实验科学了，从而强化用发展的眼光看问题的哲学思想
15	气相色谱法测定非电解质溶液的热力学函数	综合实验 8学时	(3) (4) (6) (12) (14) (15)	利用气相色谱法测定非电解质溶液的热力学函数。在实验过程中体会学科交叉在科研中的应用，强化世界是普遍联系的哲学思想
16	循环伏安法测定电极在铁氰化钾溶液中的电化学行为	综合实验 8学时	(3) (4) (9) (10) (15)	引导学生思考电极材料、扫描速率、电位范围和浓度等对循环伏安图的影响，加深学生对透过现象看本质哲学思想的理解
17	生物酶催化反应动力学常数的测定	综合实验 8学时	(3) (4) (11) (12) (13) (15)	由酶催化研究进展引出我国著名科学家——单分子酶学的创始人谢晓亮教授，通过讲述谢晓亮教授的故事，学习他勇攀高峰、敢为人先的拼搏精神
18	质子交换膜燃料电池组装、活化及性能测试	研究设计型实验 16学时	(2) (3) (4) (14) (15)	在引导学生设计、组装燃料电池的过程中，培养学生的科学思维、创新精神以及团队合作意识
19	光催化剂的合成及对有机物的降解研究	研究设计型实验 16学时	(2) (3) (4) (11) (15)	在引导学生利用催化化学相关知识设计合适的光催化剂时，培养学生树立绿色发展理念
20	计算化学方法确定单分子的稳定结构参数	研究设计型实验 16学时	(2) (3) (4) (6) (11) (14) (15)	在引导学生设计合理的计算模拟方案时，引导学生思考理论计算对实验的作用，培养学生用发展的眼光看问题，不要局限于眼前

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Preliminary Exploration of Course Ideology and Politics Teaching of Physical Chemistry Experiments under the Background of New Era

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序号	思政元素
(1)	为国家做贡献的社会责任感
(2)	绿色发展理念、生态文明建设意识
(3)	严谨求实的科学态度
(4)	安全责任意识
(5)	实践是检验真理的唯一标准
(6)	酷爱科学，孜孜不倦的精神
(7)	理论联系实际的能力
(8)	量变与质变的关系原理
(9)	透过现象看本质的哲学思想
(10)	不畏困难、刻苦钻研的精神
(11)	用发展的眼光看问题的哲学思想
(12)	世界是普遍联系的哲学思想
(13)	科学家勇攀高峰、敢为人先的拼搏精神
(14)	培养科学思维、创新精神以及团队合作意识
(15)	学院老教师勇于担当、甘于奉献的精神