契合生物专业有机化学课堂教学改革与实践

doi:10.3866/PKU.DXHX201910035

Abstract

Abstract:

Organic chemistry is an important basic course for biology-majored students. Starting from the perspective of stimulating students' interest in learning, breaking through the key and difficult points, and realizing the course education, this paper proposes that teachers should combine the characteristics of biology discipline, strengthen the chemical cognition of biologically functional molecules or biomass components, and promote the cultivation of students' interdisciplinary integration consciousness. At the same time, this paper explores the teaching reform of organic chemistry for biology-majored students so as to lay a foundation for cultivating interdisciplinary talents with comprehensive innovation ability.

Key words: Interdisciplinary, Biology-majored, Organic chemistry, Teaching reform

MSC2000:

G642.0

Jiajuan Peng, Xianxiang Liu, Mancai Xu, Dulin Yin. Teaching Reform and Practice of Organic Chemistry for Biology-Majored Students[J].University Chemistry, 2020, 35(9): 36-40.

Figures/Tables 3

References 12

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教学环节	情境线索	专业融合，激发兴趣	启发引导，突破难点	知识应用，课程育人
新课引入	展示一组湖南师范大学生命科学学院动物标本馆照片	将有机化学与生物实验室中标本的保存、甲醛使蛋白质变性等联系起来	提问：这些标本栩栩如生的原因？甲醛为什么对人体有害？	生物标本是人类的瑰宝，具有重要的价值。关注环境安全，认识甲醛危害，用辩证的方法看待事物
结构分析	分析羰基的结构，以HCN的加成为例，学习亲核加成的机理	生物标本盒、塔式生物滤池的制作原料来自于α-羟基腈的转化	对比醛、酮中的不饱和双键与烯烃双键的异同点；推测HCN加成的反应机理	加成产物α-羟基腈是很有用的中间体，可转变为多种重要化合物。认识到有机产物对生活的影响
实验探究	实验1：往试管中加入饱和NaHSO₃溶液，再加入6–8滴样品，观察现象	以天然植物紫苏和山苍子中提取紫苏醛和柠檬醛为应用示例，并融入思政教育	通过实验1，学生分析饱和NaHSO₃与醛酮的反应机理，并归纳反应的用途	教育学生要保护资源，激励学生创新创业，为实现科技强国而努力奋斗
知识迁移	实验2：醛、酮的鉴别：取2, 4-二硝基苯肼试剂2 mL于试管中，加入3–4滴样品，振荡，静置片刻，观察现象	解释甲醛与蛋白质、DNA反应的过程，与引入首尾呼应	通过实验2，学生根据亲核加成反应的特点，解释甲醛使蛋白质变性的原因	强化学生的环保意识，并学以致用，认识到有机化学在生命科学中的重要作用

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Teaching Reform and Practice of Organic Chemistry for Biology-Majored Students

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