From 1958 on, after going through great efforts for more than six years, Chinese scientists obtained successfully the crystals of total synthesis of bovine insulin in September, 1965. That was the first human synthesized crystalline protein with biological activity in the world. As a crucial step toward understanding and exploring the secrets of life, it stands as one of the major milestones in history of the development of natural sciences in China. In accomplishing the great achievement, the Chinese scientists dared to undertake difficult tasks and scale the heights of science. Besides, they are filled with the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration; seeking group coorperaton; persisting hard struggle; regardless of personal fame and gain; being earnest and realistic; and having a rigorous attitude for scientific research. All these fine qualities are worthy of further development and being carried on from generation to generation.
In this article, the properties of carbon nanotubes and the existing problems in applications are summarized from the perspective of problem solving. The advantages of carbon nanotubes functionalized with the porphyrin, the preparation, the application and the recent progress are highlighted.
In this paper, the Environment, Health & Safety, abbreviated as EHS, of the U.S. top thirty universities in chemistry was taken as an object of study, we carried out collection, analysis and integration of information, from which the six characteristics of EHS management systems of U.S. universities were summarized. The establishment and operation of U.S. university’s EHS were further introduced. With combination of main problems about laboratory safety management of universities in China, we put forward to construct, develop and enrich the laboratory safety culture in Chinese Universities, which is one of the most fundamental construction tasks, in order to cause great attention of college management department and into action.
This article elaborates on how to inspire and guide students to think in the teaching process through a simple chemical experiment teaching case——the application of eudiometry.
Based on the material chemistry specialty construction of Harbin Institute of Technology, the relationship between the specialty construction and the cultivation of undergraduates' scientific and technological innovation ability are highlighted. To advance the specialty construction in scientific and technological innovation and to better facilitate scientific and technological innovation in the specialty construction, focuses have been put on the cultivation of students' scientific spirit and research capacity. By taking the advantage of the synergy between the specialty construction and the scientific and technological innovation, the specialty construction can be well integrated in education to improve students' comprehensive ability and creativity.
This curriculum reform includes the optimization of experimental contents, the innovation of teaching mode, and the pollution control as well as the reagent reuse to explore effective methods for improving laboratory course teaching.
Applications of the concept of relative activity and the general formula of chemical potential were introduced in the physical chemistry course. It is helpful for students to better understand the related knowledge and for teachers to improve the teaching-learning efficiency.
In this paper, the dehydration-condensation reactions in inorganic chemistry are described for reactions of inorganic oxyacids, the acidic salts of inorganic oxyacids, and the acidified solution of inorganic oxyacid salts. The application of the condensation reactions and their products are presented.
Combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM), which combines the high efficiency of quantum mechanics and the accuracy of molecular mechanics, plays an important role in the study of chemical reactions of condensed matter, biological macromolecular structure and activity. This paper introduces the principle and research progresses of combined QM/MM.
A simple and feasible optical tweezers setup based on a domestic upright fluorescence microscope was constructed, and it was successfully applied for two-dimensional trapping of a single microsphere. By combining this setup with fluorescence detection and using fluorescent quantum dots (QDs) with emission wavelength 605nm as the tags, a quantitative method with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed when single microspheres were applied to enrich the target molecules, and as a proof-of-concept study the quantitative analysis of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 DNA was realized.
Micro-calorimetric method for studying thermodynamics of the saponification of ethyl acetate has been introduced. The reaction rate constant can be calculated easily from the related dates measured. Studies have also been carried out to compare the micro-calorimetric method with the electrical conductivity detection.
The Chinese nomenclature of substituent groups in organic chemistry was discussed in this paper.
The Ringbom equation for titration of monoprotic acids was derived based on proton condition equation, mass balance equation, titrated fraction as well as the conditional stability constant. The developed Ringbom equation was applied to calculation of pH at any titrated fraction before reaching the stoichiometry point.
An approximation was developed to predict the absorption spectra of conjugated molecules based on a particle in one-dimensional box model and the simple Hückel molecular orbital theory. The formula was applied to treatment of benzenes and graphenes to elucidate the mechanism that pi bonds in these molecules presented the properties of metal bonds.
The properties of the liquid/liquid interface have great effects on the physicochemical processes. In this paper, the influential factors on the relative values of the oil/water, oil/gas and water/gas interfacial tensions and their influence on the shape of an oil drop floating on water surface were discussed. The effect of inorganic salt on the three interfacial tensions was studied to provide guidelines as verified experimentally.
Using staggered conformation of ethane as an example, this paper illustrates in detail the procedure to create exquisite video animation for displaying the molecular symmetry elements in POV-ray software. With the visual help of the software, student can understand very well the molecular structure and have a good grasp of the teaching content about the molecular symmetry. In such a way, the effectiveness can be significantly improved.
The application of tabulation in identifying the type of work, calculating the expansion work, as well as the system entrapy change has been illustrated in this paper.