| 结构 | 名称 | | CH3― | 甲基 methyl | | CH3CH2― | 乙基 ethyl | | (CH3)2CH― | 异丙基,丙-2-基 isopropyl, prop-2-yl | | (CH3)3C― | 叔丁基,1, 1-二甲基乙基 tert-butyl, 1, 1-dimethylethyl | | CH2=CH― | 乙烯基 vinyl | | CH≡C― | 乙炔基 ethynyl | | 萘-2-基 2-naphthyl | | ―COOH | 羧基 carboxyl | | ―OH | 羟基 hydroxyl | | ―N(CH3) | 二甲氨基 dimethylamino | | ―CH2― | 甲叉基 methanediyl | | 乙-1, 1-叉基 ethane-1, 1-diyl | | ―CH2CH2― | 乙-2-叉基 ethane-1, 2-diyl | | 丙-2, 2-叉基 prop-2, 2-diyl | | 苯-1, 4-叉基 1, 4-phenylene | | CH2= | 甲亚基 methylidene | | CH3CH= | 乙亚基 ethylidene | | CH3CH2CH= | 丙-1-亚基 propan-1-idene | | (CH3)2C= | 丙-2-亚基 propan-2-idene | | O= | 氧亚基 oxo | | 甲爪基 methanetriyl | | 甲基亚基 methanylylidene | | ≡CH | 甲次基 methylidyne | | 乙-1, 1, 1-爪基 ethane-1, 1, 1-triyl | | 乙-1, 1, 2-爪基 ethane-1, 1, 2-triyl | | —CH2—CH= | 乙-2-基-1-亚基 ethane-2-yl-1-ylidene | | 乙-1-基-1-亚基 ethane-1-yl-1-ylidene | | CH3C≡ | 乙次基 ethylidyne |
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