卤代烷反应中取代和消去竞争的教学设计

王云侠, 赵军龙, 苟小锋, 周岭, 王兰英

Instructional Design on the Competition Reactions between Substitution and Elimination of Haloalkanes

Yunxia Wang, Junlong Zhao, Xiaofeng Gou, Ling Zhou, Lanying Wang

表1 卤代烷结构变化对取代与消去产物的影响

$\mathrm{R}-\mathrm{Br}+\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{O}^{-} \stackrel{\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}}{\longrightarrow} \text {取代产物}+\text {消去产物}$ R―Br 取代产物比例/% 消去产物比例/% $\begin{array}{l}\;\;\;\;{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{Br}}\\\;\;{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{Br}}\\{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\left( {{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}} \right)_2}{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{Br}}\\\;\;{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_3}{\rm{CHC}}{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{Br}}\\\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\mathop {\rm{C}}\limits^| {{\rm{H}}_3}\end{array}$ 99   91   90   40 1   9   10   60