p(Vm-b)=RT实际气体在一些热力学过程中的应用
|
|
金明善, 杨树斌, 李庆忠
|
Application of Real Gas Which Obeys the Equation of State p(Vm-b)=RT in Thermodynamic Process
|
|
Mingshan Jin, Shubin Yang, Qingzhong Li
|
|
表1 p(Vm - b) = RT实际气体在等温不同途径各种热力学量的计算
|
| |
|
| 热力学量计算 | 绝热真空膨胀过程 | 等温等外压过程 | 等温可逆过程 | | W和Q | W = - Q = 0 | W = - Q = - ∫pedV = - pe (V2-V1)，若pe = p2W = - Q = - p2 (V2 - V1) = - p2[nRT/p2 + nb-(nRT/p1 + nb)]= - nRT(1 - p2/p1) = - nRT[1-(V1-nb)/(V2-nb)] | W = - Q = - ∫pe dV = - ∫pdV = - ∫[nRT/(V-nb)]dV = - nRTln[(V2-nb)/(V1-nb)]= - nRTln(p1/p2) | | ?U | | 0 | | | ΔH | | ΔH = ΔU + Δ(pV)=Δ(pV) = Δ(nRT + nbp) = nb(p2 - p1) | | | ΔS | | ΔS = Qr/T = nRln[(V2-nb)/(V1-nb)] = nRln(p1/p2) | | | ΔG | | ΔG = ΔH - TΔS = nb(p2 - p1) + nRTln(p2/p1) | | | ΔA | | ΔA = ΔU - TΔS = - TΔS= Wr = nRTln(p2/p1) | |
|
|
|