谈“腐”色变

谭森珂, 李万舜

Turning Pale at the Mention of "Corrosion"

Senke Tan, Wanshun Li

表1 常见金属标准电极电位Eo [6]

金属及其电极反应 Eo/V 金属及其电极反应 Eo/V 金属及其电极反应 Eo/V Li $\rightleftharpoons$ Li+ + e? ?3.045 Fe $\rightleftharpoons$ Fe2+ + 2e? ?0.440 As $\rightleftharpoons$ As3+ + 3e? +0.30 K $\rightleftharpoons$ K+ + e? ?2.925 Cd $\rightleftharpoons$ Cd2+ + 2e? ?0.402 Cu $\rightleftharpoons$ Cu2+ + 2e? +0.337 Ca $\rightleftharpoons$ Ca2+ + 2e? ?2.87 Mn $\rightleftharpoons$ Mn3+ + 3e? ?0.283 Co $\rightleftharpoons$ Co3+ + 3e? +0.418 Na $\rightleftharpoons$ Na+ + e? ?2.714 Co $\rightleftharpoons$ Co2+ + 2e? ?0.227 Cu $\rightleftharpoons$ Cu+ + e? +0.521 Mg $\rightleftharpoons$ Mg2+ + 2e? ?2.37 Ni $\rightleftharpoons$ Ni2+ + 2e? ?0.250 Pb $\rightleftharpoons$ Pb4+ + 4e? +0.784 Al $\rightleftharpoons$ Al3+ + 3e? ?1.66 Mo $\rightleftharpoons$ Mo3+ + 3e? ?0.2 Hg $\rightleftharpoons$ Hg+ + e? +0.789 Ti $\rightleftharpoons$ Ti2+ + 2e? ?1.63 Sn $\rightleftharpoons$ Sn2+ + 2e? ?0.136 Ag $\rightleftharpoons$ Ag+ + e? +0.799 Ti $\rightleftharpoons$ Ti3+ + 3e? ?1.21 Pb $\rightleftharpoons$ Pb2+ + 2e? ?0.126 Hg $\rightleftharpoons$ Hg2+ + 2e? +0.854 Mn $\rightleftharpoons$ Mn2+ + 2e? ?1.18 W $\rightleftharpoons$ W3+ + 3e? ?0.110 Pd $\rightleftharpoons$ Pd2+ + 2e? +0.987 Nb $\rightleftharpoons$ Nb3+ + 3e? ?1.10 Fe $\rightleftharpoons$ Fe3+ + 3e? ?0.037 Ir $\rightleftharpoons$ Ir3+ + 3e? +1.00 Cr $\rightleftharpoons$ Cr2+ + 2e? ?0.913 Sn $\rightleftharpoons$ Sn4+ + 4e? +0.007 Pt $\rightleftharpoons$ Pt2+ + 2e? +1.19 Cr $\rightleftharpoons$ Cr3+ + 3e? ?0.74 Bi $\rightleftharpoons$ Bi3+ + 3e? +0.216 Au $\rightleftharpoons$ Au3+ + 3e? +1.250 Zn $\rightleftharpoons$ Zn2+ + 2e? ?0.762 Sb $\rightleftharpoons$ Sb3+ + 3e? +0.24 Au $\rightleftharpoons$ Au+ + e? +1.68