大学化学 >> 2020, Vol. 35 >> Issue (8): 129-134.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202003085

所属专题： 无机化学课程教学

自学之友 上一篇    

无机化学课程教学中一元酸碱溶液pH的定量计算问题

汪婷, 张宗培, 何占航(), 李恺()   

  • 收稿日期:2020-03-24 录用日期:2020-04-09 发布日期:2020-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 何占航,李恺 E-mail:hezhanhang@139.com;likai@zzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    郑州大学化学学科拔尖计划2.0项目;2020郑州大学本科教学改革研究与实践项目;2020郑州大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目

The Quantitative Calculation of pH in Monoacid/Monobasic Solution in Teaching of Inorganic Chemistry

Ting Wang, Zongpei Zhang, Zhanhang He(), Kai Li()   

  • Received:2020-03-24 Accepted:2020-04-09 Published:2020-05-18
  • Contact: Zhanhang He,Kai Li E-mail:hezhanhang@139.com;likai@zzu.edu.cn

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摘要：

无机化学教学中，一元酸碱溶液pH的定量计算是一个非常重要的基本问题。其中涉及的近似计算条件将pH的定性描述与定量计算相关联，准确理解这些近似条件的推导过程和应用范围，对学生从源头上掌握溶液中离子平衡问题的处理方法具有十分重要的意义。然而，在酸碱浓度极低、酸碱极弱的情况下，如何正确利用近似条件进行计算往往不易掌握。甚至是一些教科书中，也存在概念描述不准确、与后续课程不一致等问题。针对以上问题，本文从一元酸碱溶液pH计算近似条件的推导入手，结合相关例题，探讨无机化学课程教学中关于一元酸碱溶液pH的定量计算中应当注意的问题。

关键词: 无机化学, 课程教学, pH, 定量计算

Abstract:

The quantitative calculation of pH of monoacid/monobasic solution is a basic problem for inorganic chemistry teaching. The qualitative description and quantitative calculation of pH are connected by approximation conditions. It is very important for the students to understand these approximation conditions, which will help them solve problems about ionic equilibrium in aqueous solution. However, how to use these approximation conditions correctly in solution of low concentration and weak acids is often difficult. Even in some textbooks, the description of concepts is not accurate and not consistent with the associated courses. Thus, to solve the problems mentioned above, the derivations of the approximation conditions are introduced and examples are analyzed in detail in this paper. The problems of quantitative calculation of pH of monoacid/monobasic solution which should be paid attention to in the course teaching of inorganic chemistry are discussed.

Key words: Inorganic chemistry, Course teaching, pH, Quantitative calculation