大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (6): 395-403.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202508073

化学实验 上一篇    

铯铅卤钙钛矿量子点的可控合成及材料表征——一个综合化学实验

邱培瑞1, 曾宪赟1, 唐恪涵1, 陈红云1,2, 李国然1,2, 刘阳2,3   

  1. 1 南开大学材料科学与工程学院, 天津 300350;
    2 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(南开大学), 天津 30071;
    3 南开大学化学学院, 天津 30071
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-25 录用日期:2025-10-17 发布日期:2026-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 陈红云 E-mail:hychen@nankai.edu.cn Hongyun Chen
  • 基金资助:
    南开大学2024年本科教育教学改革项目(NKJG2024066)；2023年南开大学实验教学改革项目(23NKZZYQ08)；2022年教育部产学合作协同育人项目(220605940222513)

Synthesis and characterization of cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots: a comprehensive chemistry experiment

Peirui Qiu1, Xianyun Zeng1, Kehan Tang1, Hongyun Chen1,2, Guoran Li1,2, Yang Liu2,3   

  1. 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China;
    2 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    3 College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2025-08-25 Accepted:2025-10-17 Published:2026-06-18
  • Contact: Hongyun Chen E-mail:hychen@nankai.edu.cn

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摘要： 铯铅卤钙钛矿量子点(CsPbX3，X = Cl/Br/I)因其优异的光学性能，在显示技术、光伏器件、光电探测等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文对科学热点CsPbX3量子点的合成和表征进行教学化改进，通过热注射法制备不同卤素组分的量子点，结合紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、离子色谱及电感耦合等离子体发射光谱等表征手段对所制备量子点进行表征，并系统探究了卤素组分(X = Cl/Br/I)对材料光学性能的影响。通过此实验，学生亲身体验了纳米材料制备与表征的完整过程，帮助学生直观地理解材料结构与性能的关联，在引导学生将理论与实践相结合的同时，激发学生自主探究热情，掌握科学系统的研究方法，最终提升学生解决复杂科学问题的能力。

关键词: 钙钛矿量子点, 热注射法, 可控合成, 成分表征

Abstract: Cesium lead halide perovskite quantum dots (CsPbX3, X = Cl/Br/I) exhibit outstanding optoelectronic properties, enabling their widespread applications in display technologies, photovoltaic devices, and photodetection. This study introduces an optimized synthesis and characterization protocol for CsPbX3 quantum dots specifically designed for undergraduate education. Students employ the hot injection method to synthesize quantum dots, followed by comprehensive characterization using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, ion chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The experiment systematically examines how halogen composition (X = Cl/Br/I) affects the optical properties of the quantum dots. Through this hands-on experience, students acquire practical skills in nanomaterial preparation and characterization while developing a fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships in quantum dots, particularly the critical role of halogen composition in determining optical characteristics. Furthermore, this experiment fosters innovative thinking by integrating laboratory practice with theoretical knowledge, ultimately enhancing students' problem-solving capabilities in complex scientific scenarios.

Key words: Perovskite quantum dots, Hot injection method, Controllable synthesis, Component characterization