大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (2): 216-227.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405213

所属专题: 自由基化学

知识介绍 上一篇    下一篇

氧中心自由基

胡雨潇, 黄冰冰, 常文举, 沈杰   

  1. 福州大学化学学院, 福州 350108
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31 录用日期:2024-09-05 发布日期:2025-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 常文举, 沈杰 E-mail:wenjuchang@fzu.edu.cn;ShenJie@fzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    福建省自然科学基金(2023J01054);国家自然科学基金(22371048)

Oxygen-Centered Radicals

Yuxiao Hu, Bingbing Huang, Wenju Chang, Jie Shen   

  1. School of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
  • Received:2024-05-31 Accepted:2024-09-05 Published:2025-02-22
  • Contact: Wenju Chang, Jie Shen E-mail:wenjuchang@fzu.edu.cn;ShenJie@fzu.edu.cn

摘要: 自由基在有机化学中扮演着至关重要的角色,与碳正离子、碳负离子、卡宾等高能活性中间体共同构筑了有机化学的基石。氧中心自由基,作为自由基家族中一类特殊且重要的活性中间体,其独特性质不仅赋予其引发一系列有机反应的能力,更在医疗健康与环境保护等领域引发了广泛而深入的研究。本文旨在深入剖析并重点介绍四种氧中心自由基——三重态氧气(·O2·)、羟基自由基(HO·)、超氧自由基阴离子(O2-·)以及烷氧类自由基(RO·)的物理化学本质特性和多样化的合成策略,并进一步阐述其在有机合成领域中的具体应用实例与广泛影响。

关键词: 自由基, 氧中心自由基, 活性中间体, 绿色化学

Abstract: Free radicals are fundamental in organic chemistry, forming the cornerstone of organic reactions alongside other high-energy intermediates such as carbocations, carbanions, and carbenes. Among these, oxygen-centered radicals represent a particularly unique and important class of active intermediates. Their distinctive properties not only enable them to initiate a variety of organic reactions but also drive extensive research in healthcare and environmental protection. This article aims to thoroughly analyze and highlight the physicochemical properties and diverse synthesis strategies of four key oxygen-centered radicals: triplet oxygen (·O2·), hydroxyl radical (HO·), superoxide anion radical (O2-·), and alkoxy radical (RO·). Additionally, it elucidates their specific application examples and significant impacts in the field of organic synthesis.

Key words: Free radical, Oxygen-centered radical, Reactive intermediate, Green chemistry