大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (5): 448-454.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511151

所属专题： 第5届全国大学生化学实验创新设计大赛

专题 上一篇    

双重信号放大功能核酸荧光探针用于水中抗生素的超灵敏检测

张钦旗, 毕卓冉, 钟屹, 许紫婷, 陈岚岚   

  1. 福州大学化学学院, 福建 福州 350108
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-20 录用日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈岚岚 E-mail:llchen@fzu.edu.cn Lanlan Chen
  • 基金资助:
    福州大学研究生教育教学改革项目(FYRC003)

Dual-signal-amplified functional nucleic acid fluorescence probe for ultrasensitive detection of antibiotic in water

Qinqi Zhang, Zhuoran Bi, Yi Zhong, Ziting Xu, Lanlan Chen   

  1. College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Accepted:2026-02-27 Published:2026-05-21
  • Contact: Lanlan Chen E-mail:llchen@fzu.edu.cn

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摘要： 功能核酸探针具有高特异性、高亲和力、高稳定性、低成本等优势，本实验将分子识别与分子循环等科研思维通过设计实验和优化应用流程的方式引入本科实验教学中，设计了双重信号放大的功能核酸探针，以核酸适体作为识别单元，通过杂交链式反应与脱氧核酶放大，以硫黄素与G-四链体结合的荧光信号实现水中氯霉素的超灵敏检测。

关键词: 核酸适体, 杂交链式反应循环, DNA酶, 超灵敏检测, 抗生素

Abstract: Functional nucleic acid probes demonstrate superior characteristics including high specificity, strong binding affinity, excellent stability, and cost-effectiveness. This study incorporates fundamental research concepts of molecular recognition and signal amplification into undergraduate laboratory education through carefully designed experiments and optimized operational procedures. We developed a dual-signal-amplified functional nucleic acid probe system that utilizes an aptamer as the molecular recognition element, coupled with hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and DNAzyme-mediated signal amplification. The detection mechanism employs thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence upon binding to the G-quadruplex structure, achieving ultrasensitive detection of chloramphenicol in aqueous environments.

Key words: Nucleic acid aptamer, Hybridization chain reaction cycle, DNAzyme, Ultrasensitive detection, antibiotics