大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (2): 253-259.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202205028

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以热力学为主线的无机化学反应原理教学内容再思考

刘宗怀(), 何学侠, 陈沛, 石峰   

  • 收稿日期:2022-05-08 录用日期:2022-07-04 发布日期:2022-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 刘宗怀 E-mail:zhliu@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    陕西师范大学一流课程无机化学教学资源建设(2021)

Reconsideration of the Teaching Content of the Inorganic Chemical Reaction Principles with Thermodynamics as the Main Line

Zonghuai Liu(), Xuexia He, Pei Chen, Feng Shi   

  • Received:2022-05-08 Accepted:2022-07-04 Published:2022-09-08
  • Contact: Zonghuai Liu E-mail:zhliu@snnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

针对大学无机化学教材虽讲授热力学初步原理但应用不足的实际情况，以化学反应过程Gibbs自由能变化ΔrGmϴ为主线，处理以离子反应为特征的沉淀溶解平衡、氧化还原平衡、酸碱平衡及配位平衡，使学生从热力学角度理解和认识“化学平衡”，克服以化学反应速率动力学引入和描述“化学平衡”导致的弊端，实现对“化学平衡”本质认识及在以离子反应为特征反应体系中的应用，期待构建热力学主线下的无机化学反应原理教学内容。

关键词: 无机化学, 化学热力学, 化学平衡, 化学反应原理

Abstract:

The preliminary principles of chemical thermodynamics have been introduced in current inorganic chemistry text books but have not been well applied to examples. In this paper, the Gibbs free energy change ΔrGmϴ is taken as the main line of the teaching content of chemical reaction process. It is used to deal with the precipitation-dissolution equilibrium, oxidation-reduction equilibrium, acid-base equilibrium and coordination equilibrium with ionic reaction characteristics. These enable students to understand "chemical equilibrium" from the perspective of thermodynamics, overcome the drawbacks of describing "chemical equilibrium" in terms of chemical reaction rate kinetics, and achieve the essential understanding of "chemical equilibrium" and its application in reaction systems with ionic reaction characteristics. Moreover, the teaching content of the inorganic chemical reaction principles is reconstructed according to the main line of chemical thermodynamics.

Key words: Inorganic chemistry, Chemical thermodynamics, Chemical equilibrium, Chemical reaction principle