大学化学 >> 2022, Vol. 37 >> Issue (12): 2209077.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202209077

所属专题： 第54届国际化学奥林匹克专刊

专题 上一篇    下一篇

铬元素的前世今生——第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第2题解析

马建功, 邱晓航()   

  • 收稿日期:2022-09-28 录用日期:2022-10-08 发布日期:2022-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 邱晓航 E-mail:qiuxh@nankai.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:邱晓航, Email: qiuxh@nankai.edu.cn

Chromium in Ancient and Modern Times: Analysis of Problem 2 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad

Jian-Gong Ma, Xiaohang Qiu()   

  • Received:2022-09-28 Accepted:2022-10-08 Published:2022-10-25
  • Contact: Xiaohang Qiu E-mail:qiuxh@nankai.edu.cn

RichHTML

51

PDF

655

赞

摘要：

铬元素在人类社会发展中有着悠久的应用历史。第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第2题基于铬的丰富化合价及随价态变化的化合物特征颜色，考查了铬元素的不同价态化合物之间的转化、晶相结构、电子组态变化，及其在陶瓷釉料、催化高分子单体聚合反应中的应用。

关键词: 铬, 尖晶石, 黑釉瓷器, Philips催化剂

Abstract:

Chromium has a long history of application during the development of human society. Based on the various oxidation states of chromium and the characteristic colors of the chromium-containing compounds with different oxidation states, the problem 2 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad examined the oxidation changes of chromium and corresponding reactions, the relevant crystal phase structure, and its application in the ceramic glaze and catalytic polymerization.

Key words: Chromium, Spinel, Black ceramic glaze, Philips catalysts