大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (4): 184-191.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202210039

所属专题： 第3届全国大学生化学实验创新设计竞赛

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二氧化硅光子晶体的超快速制备

梁驰予1, 张思翰1, 卢晨昕1, 朱宝林1,2, 邱晓航1,2,*()   

  1. 1 南开大学化学学院, 天津 300071
    2 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(南开大学), 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-13 录用日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2023-03-07
  • 通讯作者: 邱晓航 E-mail:qiuxh@nankai.edu.cn

Ultra-Fast Fabrication of Photonic Crystals Based on Silicon Dioxide

Chiyu Liang1, Sihan Zhang1, Chenxin Lu1, Baolin Zhu1,2, Xiaohang Qiu1,2,*()   

  1. 1 College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
    2 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education(Nankai University), Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2022-10-13 Accepted:2022-12-20 Published:2023-03-07
  • Contact: Xiaohang Qiu E-mail:qiuxh@nankai.edu.cn

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摘要：

光子晶体是一种折射率在空间呈周期性变化的光学纳米结构，具有光子带隙，能够调控光的传播。由于其独特的光学性质，光子晶体被广泛应用于通信、光电、化学传感、无墨印刷等领域。本实验将光子晶体引入本科实验的课堂，利用改进的Stöber法合成单分散二氧化硅微球，并创新地采用滴涂法进行自组装，快速简便地制备了光子晶体。整个实验过程耗时短，易操作，成本低廉，效果鲜明，富有趣味。在这个实验中，学生能够巩固基础操作，掌握纳米化学和胶体自组装的相关知识和操作，还能够通过综合光学和结构化学的知识，初步分析结构色的产生原理，提高学以致用的能力和多学科交叉综合素养。

关键词: 光子晶体, St?ber法, 滴涂法, 胶体自组装, 结构色

Abstract:

Photonic crystals (PCs) are a kind of nanostructure with periodically varying refraction rates, which contain photonic band gaps that can regulate the propagation of light. PCs show beautiful structural colors if the band gaps occur in the visible light band. Due to their unique optical features, PCs have a wide range of applications, such as those in photoelectric material, chemical sensors, and ink-free printing. We introduced the frontier scientific field to the undergraduates. Using the improved Stöber method, we synthesized diameter-controllable monodisperse silica nanoparticles. As a simple and rapid method to obtain a thin layer, drop-coating is innovatively used here to assemble PCs. This experiment can be completed in 4 h. The method is inexpensive, and it helps students understand significant phenomena with interest. As a result, students can consolidate their experimental skills and learn nano-chemistry and colloidal self-assembly. The experiment is related to structural chemistry and optics theories. By integrating these theories, students can understand how structural colors are generated.

Key words: Photonic crystals, St?ber method, Drop-coating, Colloidal self-assembly, Structural color