大学化学 >> 2021, Vol. 36 >> Issue (2): 2004129.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202004129

科普 上一篇    下一篇

纳米金的故事——见微知著

张海波(), 刘海燕, 陈云华   

  • 收稿日期:2020-04-30 录用日期:2020-06-05 发布日期:2020-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 张海波 E-mail:haibozhang@whu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张海波，Email: haibozhang@whu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    武汉大学教学改革项目(2017JG0790)

The Story of Nanogold: No Small Matter

Haibo Zhang(), Haiyan Liu, Yunhua Chen   

  • Received:2020-04-30 Accepted:2020-06-05 Published:2020-06-12
  • Contact: Haibo Zhang E-mail:haibozhang@whu.edu.cn

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摘要：

金元素在人类科学技术发展中占有重要的地位。卢瑟福通过向金箔发射α粒子，弄清了原子的基本结构；法拉第的胶体金实验为今天的纳米技术革命提供了早期的线索；金电极用于制备引发信息革命的芯片。而纳米金是黄金技术发展的核心，比如诊断测试工具，等离子体效应以及高效催化剂。本文结合实例，用生动的语言对纳米金的历史、应用和未来发展进行了论述和概括，同时也介绍了相关的物理化学原理，让读者在趣味阅读中了解纳米金的相关知识和应用。

关键词: 纳米金, 纳米材料, 诊断测试工具, 催化剂

Abstract:

Gold element occupies a crucial position in the history of science and technology. Ernest Rutherford figured out the basic architecture of the atom by shooting alpha-particles at gold foil. Michael Faraday's experiments with colloidal gold gave an early hint of today's nanotechnology revolution. The gold electrodes were used to make the chips that triggered the information revolution. Gold nanoparticles are central to the development of gold technologies, such as diagnostic testing tools, plasma effects and highly effective catalysts. In this paper, the history, application and future development of nano-gold are discussed and summarized in vivid language with examples. Meanwhile, the relevant physical and chemical principles are also introduced, so that readers can understand the relevant knowledge of nano-gold in interesting reading.

Key words: Gold nanoparticles, Nanomaterials, Diagnostic testing tools, Catalysts