大学化学 >> 2022, Vol. 37 >> Issue (12): 2209053.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202209053

所属专题： 第54届国际化学奥林匹克专刊

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二氧化碳的捕获和转化——第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第3题解析

郑捷1, 张振杰2, 程方益2, 李恺3, 王颖霞1,*()   

  1. 1 北京大学化学与分子工程学院, 北京 100871
    2 南开大学化学学院, 天津 300071
    3 郑州大学化学学院, 郑州 450001
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-20 录用日期:2022-10-08 发布日期:2022-10-25
  • 通讯作者: 王颖霞 E-mail:yxwang@pku.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王颖霞, Email: yxwang@pku.edu.cn

Capture and Transformation of Carbon Dioxide: Analysis on Problem 3 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad

Jie Zheng1, Zhenjie Zhang2, Fangyi Cheng2, Kai Li3, Yingxia Wang1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
    2 College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
    3 College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
  • Received:2022-09-20 Accepted:2022-10-08 Published:2022-10-25
  • Contact: Yingxia Wang E-mail:yxwang@pku.edu.cn

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摘要：

二氧化碳是引起温室效应的“罪魁祸首”，其吸收和转化一直是科学研究的热点之一。第54届国际化学奥林匹克试题第3题围绕CO2的处理，从NaOH碱液吸收CO2出发，结合H2辅助的电化学循环实现吸收剂重生和高纯CO2回收、新型类沸石咪唑骨架多孔材料的结构和催化CO2转化，讲述了一个从经典到前沿、从普通的溶液体系到新型固体材料应用而解决科学问题的故事。藉此，引导年轻的学子关注气候变化，了解基础化学原理在解决环境问题中的重要作用，鼓励学生打好学科基础，投身探索和发展新方法和创制新材料的研究之中。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 捕获和转化, 类沸石咪唑骨架, 催化, 电化学

Abstract:

Carbon dioxide is considered as the "culprit" of the greenhouse effect, and the study on the capture and transformation of carbon dioxide has been being one of the hot topics of scientific research. The problem 3 of the 54th International Chemistry Olympiad focused on this topic: starting from the absorption of CO2 by NaOH solution, then presenting the development of the electrochemical cycle assisted by H2 to realize the regeneration of absorbent and the recovery of CO2 with high-purity, and finally introducing the structure of new porous materials with zeolite-like imidazolate framework and their application in catalytic conversion of CO2. A story was told about solving the problem by the strategy from conventional mothed to frontier research, from ordinary solution systems to new solid materials. The young students are expected to pay attention to the climate change, to have a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental chemical principles in solving environmental problems, and to devote themselves to developing new methods and materials in the field.

Key words: Carbon dioxide, Capture and transformation, Zeolitic imidazolate framework, Catalysis, Electrochemistry