大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (8): 360-367.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410008

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理论与计算化学在傅-克烷基化反应教学中的应用

赵雪霏1, 胡绪红1, 贾振华2   

  1. 1 南京工业大学化学与分子工程学院, 南京 211800;
    2 复旦大学化学系, 上海 200433
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08 录用日期:2025-01-15 发布日期:2025-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 赵雪霏, 贾振华 E-mail:xfzhao@njtech.edu.cn;zhenhua_jia@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    南京工业大学教改项目(20230112);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(20KJB150026);南京工业大学高层次人才引进科研启动费(3827401741)

Application of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry in Teaching of Friedel-Crafts Alkylation

Xuefei Zhao1, Xuhong Hu1, Zhenhua Jia2   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China;
    2 Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Received:2024-10-08 Accepted:2025-01-15 Published:2025-07-19
  • Contact: Xuefei Zhao, Zhenhua Jia E-mail:xfzhao@njtech.edu.cn;zhenhua_jia@fudan.edu.cn

摘要: 傅-克烷基化反应是有机化学课程中芳香亲电取代反应中最具代表性的教学内容。然而,传统教材往往缺乏对反应机制的定量描述和直观展示,导致学生难以深入掌握其内在机理。基于此,本文利用量子化学计算手段设计了一个实践性的教学方案,该方案引导学生通过理论化学方法获得定量的数据和直观的结构图形,解析反应的热力学和动力学信息,从而深入理解傅-克烷基化反应的机理。本文将量子化学计算与有机化学教学内容紧密结合,旨在加深学生对化学基础概念和理论的理解,同时拓宽他们的知识视野,激发创新思维,领悟用计算化学的手段来解决复杂有机化学问题的方法。

关键词: 傅-克烷基化反应, 芳香亲电取代, 苯, 量子化学计算

Abstract: The Friedel-Crafts alkylation is one of the most representative reaction in organic chemistry courses focusing on the aromatic electrophilic substitution. However, the descriptions of the Friedel-Crafts alkylation often lack quantitative and visual information in traditional textbooks, making it challenging for students to deeply understand the reaction mechanism. On the basis of this, we have designed a practical teaching scheme in the use of quantum chemical calculations. The students will gain the quantitative data and intuitive structure pictures and analyze the thermodynamic and kinetic of the reaction by carrying out the theoretical calculations. The close collaboration of computational chemistry and organic chemistry will not only deepen students’ understanding of basic concepts and theories in organic chemistry, but also broaden their knowledge and promote their innovations. Furthermore, they will understand the methods of solving complex organic chemistry problems using computational chemistry.

Key words: Friedel-Crafts alkylation, Electrophilic aromatic substitution, Benzene, Quantum chemical calculations