大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (5): 330-339.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202511041

所属专题： 第5届全国大学生化学实验创新设计大赛

专题 上一篇    

基于仿生矿化酶固定纳米探针对血清葡萄糖定量检测的实验新探索

朱怀柔1, 岑巧怡1, 颜丹1, 易伟1, 陈国胜2, 黄思铭1, 欧阳钢锋2   

  1. 1 广州医科大学药学院, 广东 广州 511436;
    2 中山大学化学学院, 广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-06 录用日期:2026-02-26 发布日期:2026-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 黄思铭 E-mail:huangsm@gzhmu.edu.cn Siming Huang
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22576042,22174164)；广州医科大学高层次人才经费项目

A new exploration of quantitative detection of serum glucose based on biomimetically mineralized enzyme immobilized nanoprobe

Huairou Zhu1, Qiaoyi Cen1, Dan Yan1, Wei Yi1, Guosheng Chen2, Siming Huang1, Gangfeng Ouyang2   

  1. 1 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong Province, China;
    2 School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2025-11-06 Accepted:2026-02-26 Published:2026-05-21
  • Contact: Siming Huang E-mail:huangsm@gzhmu.edu.cn

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摘要： 血清葡萄糖检测是临床生物化学检验技术实验课程中的经典实验，但现有实验存在色原底物毒性较高、方法抗干扰能力弱和仪器检测耗时较长等问题。本改进实验延续了酶级联催化的核心原理，从色原底物优化、纳米探针合成和检测仪器升级三个方面对实验内容与教学方式进行改进：1) 采用低毒性2,2’-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)替代高毒性4-氨基安替比林色原底物，从而显著提高实验安全性；2) 通过仿生酶固定化技术制备稳定且灵敏的纳米探针，有效增强方法的抗干扰能力和检测准确性，同时提升实验的创新性与高阶性；3) 使用高通量酶标仪取代紫外-可见分光光度计作为定量检测仪器，大幅缩短分析时长并减少样本消耗。教学实践表明，该纳米探针具有合成简便、成本低、重现性好及检测准确度优异等特点。本改进实验实现了教学安全性、高阶性与前沿性的有机统一，其模块化的实验流程可保证实验在7-10学时内完成，为临床生物化学类实验课程改革提供了可推广的范例。

关键词: 血清葡萄糖, 酶固定, 纳米探针, 比色分析, 改进实验

Abstract: The measurement of serum glucose represents a fundamental experiment in clinical biochemistry laboratory courses. However, current methodologies present several drawbacks, including the utilization of highly toxic chromogenic substrates, limited anti-interference capacity, and time-consuming instrumental analysis. This enhanced experimental protocol maintains the fundamental principle of enzyme cascade catalysis while implementing improvements in three critical dimensions: 1) substitution of the highly toxic 4-aminoantipyrine chromogen with the less hazardous 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), substantially improving operational safety; 2) development of a stable and sensitive nanoprobe through biomimetic enzyme immobilization technology, effectively enhancing both interference resistance and detection accuracy while elevating the experiment’s innovative and advanced characteristics; 3) replacement of traditional UV-Vis spectrophotometry with high-throughput microplate reader technology, significantly reducing analysis time and sample volume requirements. Teaching evaluations demonstrate that the synthesized nanoprobe features straightforward preparation, cost-effectiveness, excellent reproducibility, and superior detection accuracy. This optimized experiment successfully integrates teaching safety, advanced concepts, and cutting-edge technology. Its modular design enables completion within 7–10 instructional hours, offering a replicable model for reforming clinical biochemistry laboratory curricula.

Key words: Serum glucose, Enzyme immobilization, Nanoprobe, Colorimetric analysis, Experimental improvement