大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (5): 220-226.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202207082

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

氮掺杂多孔石墨烯对硝基和偶氮化合物的催化还原性能——化学相关专业综合实验的设计与实践

奚江波, 孙琦, 王刚, 陈伟()   

  • 收稿日期:2022-07-18 录用日期:2022-09-22 发布日期:2022-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈伟 E-mail:wchen@wit.edu.cn

Catalytic Reduction of Nitro and Azo Compounds over N-doped Holey Graphene: Designing and Practice of Comprehensive Experiment in Chemistry Related Disciplines

Jiangbo Xi, Qi Sun, Gang Wang, Wei Chen()   

  • Received:2022-07-18 Accepted:2022-09-22 Published:2022-10-10
  • Contact: Wei Chen E-mail:wchen@wit.edu.cn

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摘要：

针对溶有常见含硝基和偶氮化合物废水处理的问题，设计了无金属碳基催化剂制备及其对此类化合物催化还原的综合实验。实验以氧化石墨烯为原料，经水热法合成碳基催化剂氮掺杂多孔石墨烯或氮掺杂石墨烯，通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、比表面分析仪、X射线光电子能谱等对其结构、形貌和元素组成等进行表征，并研究其对硼氢化钠还原硝基和偶氮化合物的性能。该实验涉及碳基催化剂制备、表征和废水处理等多个实验环节，涵盖了物理化学、材料化学和环境化学等多个学科领域。通过该实验可以培养学生的科研思维，提高学生的科研动手能力和用化学知识解决实际问题的能力。

关键词: 氮掺杂多孔石墨烯, 无金属催化, 硝基和偶氮化合物, 还原反应, 综合实验

Abstract:

An experiment was designed for the catalytic reduction of nitro and azo compounds, which are typical contaminants found in wastewater, using carbocatalysts. N-doped holey graphene (NHG) or N-doped graphene (NG) carbocatalysts are synthesized via a hydrothermal approach using graphene oxide as a starting material. The morphology and composition of the resulting carbocatalysts are characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N2adsorption/desorption analysis. The catalytic efficiency of NHG or NG is evaluated via the reduction of nitro and azo compounds in wastewater in the presence of NaBH4. The experiment teaches basic theory regarding the preparation and characterization of carbocatalysts and treatment of wastewater through catalytic reduction, and covers concepts in the fields of physical chemistry, materials chemistry, and environmental chemistry. This comprehensive experiment cultivates scientific thinking, improves research skills, and teaches practical problem-solving using chemistry knowledge.

Key words: N-doped holey graphene, Metal-free catalysis, Nitro and azo compounds, Reduction reaction, Comprehensive experiment