大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (8): 118-127.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202208052

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

混凝-絮凝沉淀处理石墨烯废水工艺研究在实验教学中的设计与探索

顾泽宇, 张昕, 胥文静, 王洪淇, 王婷, 孙佳垚, 刘洪胜, 邓进军()   

  • 收稿日期:2022-08-09 录用日期:2022-09-22 发布日期:2022-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 邓进军 E-mail:dengjinjun@dqnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家级重点支持领域大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210235032);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2020B015)

Design and Exploration of Study on the Treatment of Graphene Wastewater by Coagulation-Flocculation Precipitation in Experimental Teaching

Zeyu Gu, Xin Zhang, Wenjing Xu, Hongqi Wang, Ting Wang, Jiayao Sun, Hongsheng Liu, Jinjun Deng()   

  • Received:2022-08-09 Accepted:2022-09-22 Published:2022-10-28
  • Contact: Jinjun Deng E-mail:dengjinjun@dqnu.edu.cn

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摘要：

随着石墨烯产业的兴起，强酸高氟高金属离子废水的排放量也与日俱增。本实验在石墨烯废水处理研究基础上设计了一个综合创新实验。采用了单一混凝、中和混凝、混凝絮凝、中和混凝絮凝四种方式处理石墨烯模拟废水，比较其对氟离子、金属离子等污染物的去除效果，利用离子色谱、X射线粉末衍射仪等对污水中的离子含量与沉淀物进行分析。研究结果表明，氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙与絮凝剂联用效果最佳，其除氟率达98%，金属离子去除率达99.5%，产渣量较传统工艺减少50%以上。该实验操作方便，现象易于观察；实验内容突出理论与实践相结合，不仅充实了实验课程的教学设计，也引导学生熟悉工业生产实际、提高环境保护意识、掌握化学相关软件的使用及数据分析处理的能力，符合应用型本科院校培养学生综合能力的要求。

关键词: 石墨烯废水, 混凝沉淀, 絮凝沉淀, 综合实验

Abstract:

With the ongoing developments in the graphene industry, the discharge of wastewater is increasing. It has the characteristics of strong acidity and high concentration of fluoride and metal ions. In this experiment, graphene simulated wastewater were treated by four methods, including single coagulation, neutralization coagulation, coagulation flocculation, and neutralization coagulation and flocculation. These methods were compared to remove contaminants such as fluoride and metal ions. The ion content and sediment in the wastewater were analyzed using ion chromatography and X-ray powder diffraction. The results show that the combination of sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and flocculant has the best fluoride removal effect. The removal rates of fluoride and metal ions reached 98% and 99.5%, respectively. Compared with the traditional process, the sediment is reduced by over 50%. The experiment was easily operated and observed. The experimental content highlights that combining practice and theory methods enriches the teaching design of experimental courses and guides students to understand the current situation of industrial production, improve their awareness of environmental protection, and master the usage of chemical software and ability of data analysis and processing. This satisfies the requirements of cultivating students' comprehensive ability in applied undergraduate colleges.

Key words: Graphene wastewater, Coagulation sedimentation, Flocculent sedimentation, Comprehensive experiment