大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (1): 362-368.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202404095

师生笔谈 上一篇    下一篇

深化普通化学教学中对离子晶体的认识

聂晶晶, 方文军   

  1. 浙江大学化学系, 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-15 录用日期:2024-07-22 发布日期:2025-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 方文军 E-mail:fwjun@zju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    浙江大学本科教材建设重点项目(2023-SZJC04)

To Deepen the Understanding of Ionic Crystals in General Chemistry Education

Jingjing Nie, Wenjun Fang   

  1. Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • Received:2024-04-15 Accepted:2024-07-22 Published:2025-01-06
  • Contact: Wenjun Fang E-mail:fwjun@zju.edu.cn

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摘要： 晶体分类是普通化学课程的基本内容之一。本文展现了不同离子晶体中阴、阳离子间的相互作用包含了离子键、氢键或范德华力等类型，说明“离子晶体是阴、阳离子通过离子键结合而成”的表述并不合适。因此，在普通化学教学中，需要重新审视离子晶体的定义和离子间相互作用类型对离子晶体的熔、沸点等性质的影响。

关键词: 原子间距, 离子间相互作用, 离子键, 氢键, 范德华力

Abstract: Classification of crystalline solids is one of the basic contents in general chemistry courses. This article elucidates the various interactions between anions and cations in different ionic crystals, showing that these interactions may include not only ionic bonds but also hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals force. Therefore, the statement that ionic crystals are solely formed through ionic bonds between anions and cations is inaccurate. It is necessary to re-examine the definition of ionic crystals in general chemistry, and to consider how different types of ionic interactions affect the properties of ionic crystals, such as their melting and boiling points.

Key words: Distance between atoms, Interaction between ions, Ionic bond, Hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force