大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (2): 218-231.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202502111

知识介绍 上一篇    下一篇

碱金属的制备与纯化

袁文玉1, 王颖1, 李淑妮1, 朱晓林1, 翟全国1, 高胜利2   

  1. 1 陕西师范大学化学化工学院, 西安 710119;
    2 西北大学化学与材料科学学院, 西安 710127
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 录用日期:2025-04-18 发布日期:2025-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 翟全国, 高胜利 E-mail:zhaiqg@snnu.edu.cn;,Email:gaoshengli729@126.com Quanguo Zhai, Shengli Gao
  • 基金资助:
    教育部“西部高校化学专业(师范)虚拟教研室”建设经费;陕西师范大学本科教育教学改革“揭榜挂帅”项目(24JBGS28)

Preparation and Purification of Alkali Metals

Wenyu Yuan1, Ying Wang1, Shuni Li1, Xiaolin Zhu1, Quanguo Zhai1, Shengli Gao2   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China;
    2 School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China
  • Received:2025-02-24 Accepted:2025-04-18 Published:2025-12-27
  • Contact: Quanguo Zhai, Shengli Gao E-mail:zhaiqg@snnu.edu.cn;,Email:gaoshengli729@126.com

摘要: 碱金属的应用日益广泛,其制备和纯化手段是无机合成的应用范例。随着新能源技术的发展,碱金属制备知识的系统介绍显得愈发重要。基于教学中“学以致用”的理念,本文拟在文献查阅和分析的基础上,较系统地介绍碱金属的制备和纯化知识,重点关联技术中的化学原理,着重介绍中国学者针对盐湖提锂的杰出工作,为化学专业学生和相关行业从业者提供参考。

关键词: 碱金属, 制备, 纯化, 盐湖提锂

Abstract: Alkali metals find increasingly widespread applications, with their preparation and purification methods serving as exemplary cases in inorganic synthesis. Given the rapid advancement of new energy technologies, a systematic presentation of alkali metal preparation knowledge has become particularly crucial. Guided by the pedagogical principle of “learning for practical application”, this article systematically reviews the preparation and purification of alkali metals based on literature research and analysis. Special emphasis is placed on correlating chemical principles with technological processes, with particular attention given to highlighting the outstanding contributions of Chinese researchers in lithium extraction from salt lakes. This work aims to provide valuable reference for chemistry students and industry practitioners.

Key words: Alkali metal, Preparation, Purification, Lithium extraction from salt lake