大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (9): 457-464.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202509072

自学之友 上一篇    

核磁共振碳谱中19F-13C自旋耦合效应及实例分析

巩晨旭, 徐春发, 晏宏, 李远明, 袁耀锋, 钟羽武, 叶克印   

  1. 福州大学化学学院, 福建 福州 350108
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-15 录用日期:2025-12-25 发布日期:2026-09-01
  • 通讯作者: 徐春发, 钟羽武, 叶克印 E-mail:xucf@fzu.edu.cn;zhongyuwu@fzu.edu.cn;kyye@fzu.edu.cn Chunfa Xu, Yu-wu Zhong, Keyin Ye
  • 基金资助:
    中国高等教育学会2024年度高等教育科学研究规划课题(24LK0304)；福建省本科高校研究生教育教学研究重大项目(FBJY20230051)；福州大学校级研究生教育教学研究重点项目((FYAI2025019,FYCG2025005)

19F-13C spin coupling effects in 13C NMR spectroscopy and exemplary case analysis

Chenxu Gong, Chunfa Xu, Hong Yan, Yuanming Li, Yaofeng Yuan, Yu-wu Zhong, Keyin Ye   

  1. College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-15 Accepted:2025-12-25 Published:2026-09-01
  • Contact: Chunfa Xu, Yu-wu Zhong, Keyin Ye E-mail:xucf@fzu.edu.cn;zhongyuwu@fzu.edu.cn;kyye@fzu.edu.cn

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摘要： 核磁共振碳谱是有机化合物结构解析中最常使用的方法之一。然而，在相关课程中，针对含氟化合物碳谱解析的教学内容往往较为零散且不足。对于这类化合物，化学相关专业学生乃至有机专业研究人员时常会忽略19F与13C之间的自旋耦合对碳谱峰形和裂分模式的影响，从而容易导致核磁共振碳谱解析结果出现偏差。本文通过系统介绍核磁共振碳谱中19F与13C的耦合作用，并结合科研实践中若干典型有机氟化物的核磁共振碳谱实例进行剖析，旨在系统阐述19F-13C耦合裂分模式的规律与特征，为含氟有机物的结构鉴定与确证提供关键参考和实用的解析策略。

关键词: 含氟有机化合物, 核磁共振碳谱, 自旋耦合, 耦合常数

Abstract: 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy stands as one of the most fundamental techniques for structural elucidation of organic compounds. However, current NMR pedagogy often provides insufficient and fragmented coverage regarding spectral interpretation of fluorine-containing compounds. This educational gap leads both chemistry students and specialized organic chemistry researchers to frequently neglect the significant impact of 19F-13C spin-spin coupling on carbon signal splitting patterns, potentially resulting in misinterpretation of 13C NMR spectra. The present work systematically examines the coupling interactions between 19F and 13C nuclei in NMR spectroscopy, supported by detailed analyses of representative 13C NMR spectra from authentic research cases involving typical organofluorine compounds. Through this approach, we aim to establish comprehensive guidelines for recognizing characteristic 19F-13C coupling patterns, thereby providing essential references and practical analytical methodologies for structural characterization of fluorinated organic compounds.

Key words: Fluorinated organic compounds, 13C NMR spectra, Spin coupling, Coupling constant