大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (7): 257-265.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504061

化学实验 上一篇    

Diels-Alder反应机理探索——推荐一个大学计算化学实验

汪洋, 刘双良, 赵建波   

  1. 郑州轻工业大学材料与化学工程学院, 河南 郑州 450001
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 录用日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2026-06-27
  • 通讯作者: 汪洋, 赵建波 E-mail:wangyang@zzuli.edu.cn;zhaojianbo@zzuli.edu.cn Yang Wang, Jianbo Zhao
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21903072);河南省高等教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2024SJGLX0135);教育部产学合作协同育人项目(241006655244438);郑州轻工业大学第十四批教育教学改革研究与实践项目

Exploring the mechanism of Diels-Alder reaction: a computational chemistry experiment for undergraduate students

Yang Wang, Shuangliang Liu, Jianbo Zhao   

  1. Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Accepted:2025-07-28 Published:2026-06-27
  • Contact: Yang Wang, Jianbo Zhao E-mail:wangyang@zzuli.edu.cn;zhaojianbo@zzuli.edu.cn

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摘要： Diels-Alder (D-A)反应是协同周环反应的经典案例，但其机理的抽象性常使学生难以深入理解。本文提出一种基于计算化学的教学实验设计，结合Gaussian软件，引导学生从过渡态结构、能量等直观探索D-A反应的协同机理。该实验将理论计算与可视化工具结合，突破传统教学的局限性，有效提升学生对反应机理的动态认知与科研实践能力。

关键词: Diels-Alder反应, 过渡态, 反应机理, 密度泛函理论

Abstract: The Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction serves as a paradigmatic example of concerted pericyclic reactions, yet its mechanistic abstraction often poses challenges for student comprehension. This study presents an instructional experiment employing computational chemistry methodologies with Gaussian software, enabling students to investigate the concerted mechanism of D-A reactions through transition state structures and energetic analyses. By integrating theoretical computations with visualization techniques, this experimental design overcomes the constraints of conventional teaching approaches, significantly enhancing students’ dynamic understanding of reaction mechanisms and fostering their scientific research competencies.

Key words: Diels-Alder reaction, Transition state, Reaction mechanism, Density functional theory