关键词: 气-固吸附, 吸附等温线, 多孔材料, 界面性质

Abstract: The gas-solid adsorption process represents a fundamental component in physical chemistry, particularly in the study of surface phenomena and interfacial interactions, owing to its significant theoretical and practical implications. This article systematically examines the evolution of gas adsorption from monolayer to multilayer coverage based on the six classical adsorption–desorption isotherm types classified by IUPAC. Special emphasis is placed on the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) multilayer adsorption theory and its applicability across different isotherm patterns, along with an in-depth analysis of capillary condensation mechanisms and hysteresis phenomena. Through case studies of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), we elucidate how distinct adsorption behaviors reflect pore structure characteristics and their physicochemical nature. Furthermore, we briefly explore the extension of adsorption theory to electrochemical systems and interfacial structure modulation, providing both theoretical foundations and pedagogical references for surface science education and porous material characterization.

Key words: Gas-solid adsorption, Adsorption isotherm, Porous material, Interfacial property