大学化学

所属专题： 第5届全国大学生化学实验创新设计大赛

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暖宝宝的温暖之旅——温暖密码安全指南变废为宝

张俊涵, 张雄飞, 张钰涵, 隆忠财, 陈璨, 高玲香   

  1. 陕西师范大学化学化工学院, 陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-20 录用日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者: 高玲香 E-mail:gaolx@snnu.edu.cn Lingxiang Gao

Warmth voyage of adhesive body warmers: heating mechanisms, safety protocols, waste recycling

Junhan Zhang, Xiongfei Zhang, Yuhan Zhang, Zhongcai Long, Can Chen, Lingxiang Gao   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Accepted:2026-02-27
  • Contact: Lingxiang Gao E-mail:gaolx@snnu.edu.cn

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摘要： 本科普实验聚焦于日常生活中常见的暖宝宝，围绕其发热原理、安全使用方法以及废物利用展开系统探究。通过实验剖析证实，暖宝宝主要由铁粉、水、活性炭等成分组成，铁的吸氧放热反应是“暖”的根源；通过结合温致变色染料与硅胶皮肤模型，模拟不当使用暖宝宝导致的低温烫伤隐患，预警长时间接触44–50 ℃热源会造成皮肤深层损伤的风险；针对使用后的废渣，研究其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能，结果显示暖宝宝废渣在工业废水净化领域具有显著潜力。整个实验设计分层科普方案，科普受众从小学生到大学本科生，从无化学基础的人群到化学专业人员。借助数字化传感器和可视化实验，将科学原理和安全环保理念融入科普实践，不仅揭示暖宝宝的温暖原理、安全使用方法，还为其废渣回收利用提供了新思路，实现化学知识与绿色生活理念的深度融合。

关键词: 科普实验, 暖宝宝, 发热原理, 使用安全, 废物利用

Abstract: This popular science experiment systematically examines the ubiquitous adhesive body warmers, focusing on their heating mechanism, safe usage practices, and waste utilization. Experimental analysis confirms that these warmers primarily contain iron powder, water, and activated carbon, with iron's oxygen-absorbing exothermic reaction serving as the fundamental heat source. By employing thermochromic dyes and a silicone skin model, we demonstrate the potential for low-temperature burns resulting from improper use, highlighting the risk of deep tissue damage from prolonged exposure to 44-50°C heat sources. The study further evaluates the adsorption capacity of spent warmer residues for methylene blue, revealing their promising application in industrial wastewater treatment. Designed as a tiered outreach program, this project caters to diverse audiences from primary school students to chemistry majors. Through digital sensors and visual experiments, we effectively integrate scientific principles with safety awareness and environmental concepts, not only elucidating the operational mechanism and proper usage of body warmers but also proposing innovative approaches for waste repurposing, thereby bridging chemical knowledge with sustainable living practices.

Key words: Science experiment, Adhesive body warmers, Heating principle, Safety in use, Waste recycling