大学化学 >> 2018, Vol. 33 >> Issue (12): 96-99.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201803035

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关于反应分子数定义的讨论

阮文娟,朱志昂*()   

  • 收稿日期:2018-03-16 发布日期:2018-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 朱志昂 E-mail:zazhu@nankai.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    天津市物理化学系列课程教学团队建设项目;南开大学教育教学改革项目

Discussion about the Definition of Reaction Molecularity

Wenjuan RUAN,Zhiang ZHU*()   

  • Received:2018-03-16 Published:2018-12-14
  • Contact: Zhiang ZHU E-mail:zazhu@nankai.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    天津市物理化学系列课程教学团队建设项目;南开大学教育教学改革项目

摘要:

目前物理化学教材及有关文献中对于反应分子数的定义存在两种不同的观点。本文从化学动力学的发展、基元反应及态-态反应的定义出发,厘清了基元反应属于宏观反应体系、态-态反应是一微观概念、反应分子数属于微观概念的问题。作者认为反应分子数更为合理的定义为:作为反应物参加每一态-态反应(或称基元化学物理反应)的化学粒子的数目称为反应分子数。

关键词: 反应分子数, 基元反应, 态-态反应(或称基元化学物理反应), 化学动力学

Abstract:

There are two different views on the definition of reaction molecularity in physical chemistry textbooks and related literatures so far. We give a deep discussion about this conception herein. Starting with the development of chemical kinetics and the definition of elementary reaction and state-state reaction, we clarify that elementary reaction and state-state reaction are the conceptions belonging to macro-and micro-systems, respectively, and reaction molecularity is also belonging to micro-conception. Based on this conclusion, we think that the more reasonable definition of reaction molecularity should be "the number of chemical particles that take part in a state-state reaction (or an elementary chemi-physical reaction) as a reactant".

Key words: Reaction molecularity, Elementary reaction, State-state reaction (or Elementary chemi-physical reaction), Chemical kinetics