大学化学 >> 2022, Vol. 37 >> Issue (5): 2111078.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202111078

所属专题： 第2届全国大学生化学实验创新设计竞赛

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以四元相图为指导原理的硫酸钾制备实验在本科实验教学中的开展和探索

彭扬超, 胡旺, 刘雨昂, 范勇, 朱万春, 宋志光, 马强, 郭玉鹏()   

  • 收稿日期:2021-11-26 录用日期:2021-12-07 发布日期:2022-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 郭玉鹏 E-mail:guoyupeng@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郭玉鹏, Email: guoyupeng@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0研究课题(20212019)

Development and Exploration of Potassium Sulfate Preparation Experiment Guided by Quaternary Phase Diagrams in Undergraduate Experimental Teaching

Yangchao Peng, Wang Hu, Yuang Liu, Yong Fan, Wanchun Zhu, Zhiguang Song, Qiang Ma, Yupeng Guo()   

  • Received:2021-11-26 Accepted:2021-12-07 Published:2022-04-07
  • Contact: Yupeng Guo E-mail:guoyupeng@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

二步法制备硫酸钾是规模化生产钾肥的重要方法之一，本实验以四元相图的基本知识为理论指导开展硫酸钾制备实验。本实验通过无机复分解反应合成产物，采用传统滴定法、分光光度法与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)相结合的测试方法对产物中离子进行分析检测，可实现基础操作与基本理论的同步提升，传统分析与现代仪器分析的有机结合。本实验原料易得、操作简便、现象明显、绿色环保，并且可以模块化教学，可拆分成多个实验环节，以适合不同学时的实验教学要求。该实验的开展既能让学生认识到化学理论知识在社会生产中所起的重要作用，又能培养学生的基本操作能力，提高学生的实践创新能力。

关键词: 二步法, 四元相图, 绿色化学, 模块化教学, 分组探究

Abstract:

The preparation of potassium sulfate using a two-step method is an important method for the large-scale production of potassium fertilizer. Our experiment uses it as a reference, taking the basic knowledge of the quaternary phase diagram as the theoretical guideline, and covers the relevant knowledge of inorganic double decomposition reactions and element ion analysis detection. In this study, we use a combination of testing methods including traditional titration, spectrophotometry, and ICP atomic emission. This promotes basic operational knowledge and theory, as well as a combination of traditional and modern instrumental analysis. The experiment has many advantages, such as easily obtainable materials, easy operation, obvious phenomena, and green environmental protection. It can be used in modular teaching and divided into multiple experimental links to meet the requirements of different students. The operation of the experiment can not only make students realize the important role of chemistry in social production but also cultivate their basic operational ability and improve their basic practice and innovation ability.

Key words: Two-step, Tetrad phase diagram, Green chemistry, Modular teaching, Groups investigation