大学化学 >> 2024, Vol. 39 >> Issue (4): 373-381.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312023

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

神奇“魔法条”之新冠病毒的快速检测

杨迪, 魏嘉怡, 翟红, 王昕, 孙太明, 宋浩乐, 王海雁   

  1. 山西大同大学化学与化工学院, 山西 大同 037009
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-04 修回日期:2024-01-04 发布日期:2024-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 王海雁 E-mail:why7135280@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省留学人员科研资助项目(2021-144)

Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using an Innovative “Magic Strip”

Di Yang, Jiayi Wei, Hong Zhai, Xin Wang, Taiming Sun, Haole Song, Haiyan Wang   

  1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-12-04 Revised:2024-01-04 Published:2024-02-19

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摘要： 胶体金作为商业化的即时检验POCT (point-of-care test)免疫层析技术中最广泛的标记物之一，具有显著的颜色特征，后期无需可视化改造，且形态稳定、环境友好。本文试纸条制作过程简单，不需要大型贵重仪器。采用柠檬酸三钠还原氯金酸制备胶体金，将胶体金标记在新冠病毒的核衣壳N蛋白抗体上，通过在免疫层析试纸条可视区形成类似三明治结构的抗体-抗原-抗体夹心复合物，并以此复合物的红色检测线作为新冠病毒的定性分析依据。该检测方法裸眼可测、操作简单、且快速(10 min)、灵敏(检测限为0.5 ng·mL-1)、低成本(每条不超过5元)。实验过程可以引导学生体验生命体系中抗原抗体相互作用引发的特异性生命化学反应，激发学生对化学、生物、生命科学和纳米材料等学科相互融合的可视化快检技术的浓厚研究兴趣。

关键词: 胶体金, POCT, 免疫层析, 新冠病毒

Abstract: Colloidal gold, a marker widely embraced in commercial point-of-care testing (POCT) for immunochromatographic assays, is distinguished by its vivid color characteristics. It is environmentally benign, morphologically stable, and required no further visual modifications. This study details a straightforward process for fabricating test strips that obviate the need for sophisticated, costly equipment. Colloidal gold, synthesized by reducing the chloroauric acid with trisodium citrate, was conjugated to the nucleocapsid N protein antibody of SARS-CoV-2. With the test strip’s visible area, a competitive antibody-antigen-antibody sandwich complex forms, with the red test line serving as the basis for qualitative analysis of the virus. This detection approach is visually discernible, user-friendly, rapid (within 10 min), sensitive (detection limit of 0.5 ng∙mL−1) and cost-effective (each strip costing no more than 5 yuan). The experimental process offers students an opportunity to engage with the specific biochemical reactions triggered by antigen-antibody interactions, fostering a deep interest in exploring rapid diagnostic technologies that integrate chemistry, biology, life sciences and nanomaterials.

Key words: Colloidal gold, Point-of-care testing (POCT), Immune chromatography, SARS-CoV-2 virus