大学化学 >> 2022, Vol. 37 >> Issue (7): 2110076.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202110076

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

乙酰水杨酸制备实验副产物分析

程绍玲, 张环, 解洪祥, 韩聪()   

  • 收稿日期:2021-10-25 录用日期:2022-02-10 发布日期:2022-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 韩聪 E-mail:hanc@tust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:韩聪, Email: hanc@tust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    天津市高等学校本科教学质量与教学改革研究计划项目(171005708E)

Analysis of the By-Product on the Preparation of Acetylsalicylic Acid

Shaoling Cheng, Huan Zhang, Hongxiang Xie, Cong Han()   

  • Received:2021-10-25 Accepted:2022-02-10 Published:2022-03-14
  • Contact: Cong Han E-mail:hanc@tust.edu.cn

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摘要：

乙酰水杨酸的制备是许多高校有机化学实验开设的经典项目之一，教材及文献普遍认为副产物是水杨酸的聚合物。本文按经典制备方法，收集了副产物，进行了薄层色谱、红外光谱、核磁共振和熔点测定鉴定结构，确定副产物是乙酰水杨酸酐，不含有水杨酸的聚合物。探讨了乙酰水杨酸酐产生的原因，为乙酰水杨酸制备实验教学中知识传授的准确性提供了科学依据，有利于培养学生敢于质疑和勇于创新的精神，以及教学质量的提高。

关键词: 水杨酸, 乙酰水杨酸, 乙酸水杨酸酐, 阿司匹林

Abstract:

Preparation of acetylsalicylic acid is one of the classic experiment in organic chemistry laboratory in many universities. The relevant textbooks and literatures generally believe that the by-product of the experiment is the polymer of salicylic acid. Based on the standard preparation method, this study collects the by-product and identifies the structure by means of thin layer chromatography, IR spectra, 1H NMR and melting test. The result shows that the by-product is acetylsalicylic anhydride instead of the polymer of salicylic acid. The paper discusses the reasons for the presence of acetylsalicylic anhydride, providing the scientific basis for the accurate transmission of knowledge in preparing acetylsalicylic acid in laboratory teaching. The paper is intended to cultivate students' critical thinking and innovative spirit and, in the long run, to improve the teaching quality.

Key words: Salicylic acid, Acetylsalicylic acid, Acetylsalicylic anhydride, Aspirin