大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (8): 216-224.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202210029

化学实验 上一篇    下一篇

几种常见脂肪醇的氢键结构探究——红外光谱测定结合量化计算的实验

刘禹1, 郑纪鸣1, 宗陈纳言1, 吴红1,2,*(), 胡万群1,2,*()   

  1. 1 中国科学技术大学化学与材料科学学院, 合肥 230026
    2 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(中国科学技术大学), 合肥 230026
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-10 录用日期:2022-11-11 发布日期:2023-01-03
  • 通讯作者: 吴红,胡万群 E-mail:wuhong90@ustc.edu.cn;hwq@ustc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学技术大学教学研究项目(2020xkcszxm2);中国科学技术大学教学研究项目(2020xjyxm003);中国科学技术大学教学研究项目(2020xylkc006);中国科学技术大学教学研究项目(2021xjyxm059);中国科学技术大学教学研究项目(2022xkcszkc07);中国科学技术大学研究生教育创新计划教学改革研究项目(2022ycjg03);安徽省教育厅教学研究项目(2021jyxm1728);首批教育部虚拟教研室(大学化学实验课程群虚拟教研室)

Combining Infrared Spectroscopy Experiment with Quantum Chemical Calculations to Study Hydrogen Bond in Several Aliphatic Alcohol and CCl4 Solutions

Yu Liu1, Jiming Zheng1, Nayan Zongchen1, Hong Wu1,2,*(), Wanqun Hu1,2,*()   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
    2 National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education (University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei 230026, China
  • Received:2022-10-10 Accepted:2022-11-11 Published:2023-01-03
  • Contact: Hong Wu, Wanqun Hu E-mail:wuhong90@ustc.edu.cn;hwq@ustc.edu.cn

摘要:

红外光谱法因其灵敏度高、测样快速、能获得较多的官能团信息而成为分析和表征的常用手段之一,在众多高校的仪器分析实验课程中均有开设。现有教材中的实验项目多是偏重于以红外光谱实验测试为主的化合物的定性和定量分析,鲜有涉及分子间氢键作用的红外光谱实验探究和实验与量化计算相结合的教学方式方法。鉴于此,本文在原有红外光谱实验基础上,以几种常见脂肪醇为例,分别考察了不同体积百分比(V/V%)的醇-四氯化碳溶液的红外光谱特征,结合量化计算进行氢键结构探究。改进后的实验教学,将宏观的实验现象和微观的分子结构探究相结合,使得学生对原有的吸收峰频率数值和分子间氢键微观作用有了更为清晰的认识,显著提升学生的学习兴趣,拓宽学生的视野,培养创新思维和思辨能力。

关键词: 红外光谱, 量化计算, 脂肪醇, 氢键, 宏观与微观

Abstract:

Infrared spectroscopy has become a common method for analysis and characterization owing to its high sensitivity, high-speed measurement, and ability to obtain many information about functional groups. Although most of the experimental projects in existing textbooks focus on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of compounds, which are mainly based on infrared spectroscopy, there are few experimental investigations on infrared spectroscopy involving intermolecular hydrogen bonding and quantum chemical calculations. In this study, based on original infrared spectroscopy experiments, several common aliphatic alcohols were used as examples to investigate the infrared spectral characteristics of alcohol-carbon tetrachloride solutions with different percentages (V/V%). The hydrogen bond structures were explored in combination with quantum chemical calculations. The improved teaching method, combining macro and micro that is experimental phenomena and molecular structure respectively, may enable students to have a clearer understanding of the original frequency values of absorption peaks and the microscopic effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. In addition, it can significantly improve their interest in learning, broaden their horizons, and cultivate innovative thinking and critical thinking skills.

Key words: Infrared spectroscopy, Quantum chemical calculation, Aliphatic alcohol, Hydrogen bond, Macro and micro