大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (6): 415-424.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202603025

所属专题： 面向“双碳”战略的能源化学教育

化学实验 上一篇    

材料化学综合实验：电化学法将尿素定向转化为亚硝酸盐

王艳琴, 王康, 孙琛, 杨哲晰   

  1. 内蒙古大学化学化工学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-10 录用日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-06-18
  • 通讯作者: 王艳琴 E-mail:yqwang_chem@imu.edu.cn Yanqin Wang
  • 基金资助:
    教育部产学合作协同育人项目(230702002130552)；教育部供需对接就业育人项目(2023122543779)；2025年内蒙古大学校级创新创业训练计划(202514237)

Comprehensive Experiment of Materials Chemistry: Directional Conversion of Urea to Nitrite by Electrochemical Method

Yanqin Wang, Kang Wang, Chen Sun, Zhexi Yang   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2026-03-10 Accepted:2026-04-15 Published:2026-06-18
  • Contact: Yanqin Wang E-mail:yqwang_chem@imu.edu.cn

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摘要： 将利用电化学手段使尿素分子定向转化为高附加值亚硝酸盐的方法引入本科教学实验中，设计了一个Co掺杂Ni3S2 (Co-Ni3S2)催化剂用于尿素分子的定向催化转化。实验以Co-Ni3S2为阳极催化剂，在碱性尿素电解液中，采用三电极测试系统开展电催化性能评估。通过系统考察施加电位与Co掺杂策略对产物选择性的影响，筛选最优反应条件，结合NO2-的定量检测，进一步计算其法拉第效率和产率等关键评价指标。该实验将无机材料制备、电化学测试与分析化学定量检测有机结合，使学生了解尿素资源化“变废为宝”的意义及NO2-在化学工业中的重要经济价值。通过该实验的实施培养了学生的科学思维能力、实验设计与科研创新能力，具有较好的教学可实施性与推广价值。

关键词: 综合实验, 电化学, 尿素氧化反应, 亚硝酸盐, 变废为宝

Abstract: This study introduces an undergraduate teaching experiment that employs electrochemical methods to directionally convert urea into high-value nitrite. A Co-doped Ni3S2 (Co-Ni3S2) catalyst was designed for the catalytic conversion of urea molecules. Using Co-Ni3S2 as the anode catalyst in an alkaline urea electrolyte, the electrocatalytic performance was evaluated via a three-electrode testing system. The effects of applied potential and Co-doping strategy on product selectivity were systematically investigated to identify optimal reaction conditions. Quantitative detection of NO2- was performed, and key evaluation metrics such as Faradaic efficiency and yield rate were calculated. This experiment integrates inorganic material preparation, electrochemical testing, and analytical chemistry techniques, enabling students to appreciate the significance of urea resource utilization (“turning waste into wealth”) and the economic value of NO2- in the chemical industry. The experiment enhances students’ scientific thinking, experimental design, and research innovation capabilities, demonstrating strong feasibility and educational value.

Key words: Comprehensive experiment, Electrochemistry, Urea oxidation reaction (UOR), Nitrite, Turn waste into wealth