大学化学 >> 2016, Vol. 31 >> Issue (9): 15-19.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201512002

教学研究与改革 上一篇    下一篇

卓越教师职前培养模式的实践与创新——以化学学科为例

王伟,姚如富*()   

  • 发布日期:2016-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 姚如富 E-mail:yaorufu@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省级卓越人才教育培养计划——卓越中学化学教师培养计划（专业与课程类建设）(2013zjjh027);安徽省高等学校“省级实训中心——化学师范实习实训中心”项目(2011yj14)

Practice and Innovation of the Pre-service Training Model for Excellent Teachers: the Case of Chemistry Subject

Wei WANG,Ru-Fu YAO*()   

  • Published:2016-09-30
  • Contact: Ru-Fu YAO E-mail:yaorufu@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    安徽省级卓越人才教育培养计划——卓越中学化学教师培养计划（专业与课程类建设）(2013zjjh027);安徽省高等学校“省级实训中心——化学师范实习实训中心”项目(2011yj14)

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摘要：

从培养卓越教师的角度，基于师范生（即职前教师）的PCK（学科教学知识）结构中只有20%是来自学生的经验，以及师范生培养的生师比大、学制较短、师生交流较少、教育实践类课程开设不足、实习时间缺乏等情况，文章从提高师范生PCK（包括本体性知识、条件性知识、实践性知识）角度入手，以双导制（导师制和导生制）为主体，从职前教师的3种实践模式，即以教学设计为主的模拟性实践、以观察学习为基本活动的教学见习、真实情境下的教学见习3个方面，探寻有效的化学师范生培养模型。

关键词: 化学, 导师制, 导生制, PCK, 卓越教师

Abstract:

The current training of pre-service teachers suffers from the low percentage (20%) of PCK from students themselves, low teacher-to-student ratio, short schooling terms, less teacher-student interactions, less practice courses offered, and little practice time. In this regard, our work begins with improving normal university students' PCK (ontological knowledge, conditional knowledge, practical knowledge). The practice uses the double guide system (mentoring and peer-leading) as the main tool to explore effective culture model for chemistry-majoring normal university students. In the innovation, three practice modes, teaching design-based simulation, observing the activities of teaching, and trainee teaching under real-life situation, have been adopted to enhance the training.

Key words: Chemistry, Tutorial system, Tutor system, PCK, Excellent teachers