大学化学 >> 2020, Vol. 35 >> Issue (7): 142-150.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX201911039

所属专题： 有机化学课程与实验教学

师生笔谈 上一篇    下一篇

从核磁共振的化学位移探讨取代苯亲电取代反应的活性和区域选择性

王永强()   

  • 收稿日期:2019-11-22 录用日期:2019-12-18 发布日期:2020-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 王永强 E-mail:wangyq@nwu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省一流专业建设经费;西北大学研究生课程建设项目;国家自然科学基金(NSFC-21572178);国家自然科学基金(NSFC-21971206)

An Insight into Activity & Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Substitution of Benzenes Based on Chemical Shift of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Yongqang Wang()   

  • Received:2019-11-22 Accepted:2019-12-18 Published:2020-02-03
  • Contact: Yongqang Wang E-mail:wangyq@nwu.edu.cn

RichHTML

52

PDF

4746

赞

摘要：

亲电取代反应是一类基本的有机反应，其中以苯环上的亲电取代反应最常见。该反应的反应活性及反应的位点与苯环上已有的取代基有很大的关系。本文从波谱学的角度，利用核磁数据，阐述了已有的取代基如何影响苯环的电子云密度，进而影响苯环亲电取代反应的活性和取代的位置。本文视角新颖，将对学生的学习及科研产生启发。

关键词: 亲电取代反应, 波谱学, 有机化学教学

Abstract:

Electrophilic substitution reaction, especially electrophilic aromatic substitution, is a common and basic organic reaction. In the reaction, the substituents on the aromatic ring affect the rate of further substitution, as well as the orientation of new groups. In this paper we describe an insight into electrophilic substitution reaction from the view of spectroscopy. We utilize the data of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to disclose how the substituents affect electron cloud of the aromatic ring, and further affect the reactivity and the position of substitution. The paper would inspire students in their study and research.

Key words: Electrophilic substitution reaction, Spectroscopy, Organic chemistry teaching