大学化学 >> 2023, Vol. 38 >> Issue (11): 317-322.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202304027

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从定性到定量：基于pKa进行大学有机化学教学

翁锦程, 孙瑞, 李炎坤, 徐政虎()   

  • 收稿日期:2023-04-07 录用日期:2023-05-26 发布日期:2023-06-12
  • 通讯作者: 徐政虎 E-mail:xuzh@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    教育部2022年度基础学科拔尖学生培养计划2.0研究课题(20222117);山东大学2022年度教育教学改革重点项目(2022Z64)

Teaching Innovation in University Organic Chemistry Course Based on pKa

Jincheng Weng, Rui Sun, Yankun Li, Zhenghu Xu()   

  • Received:2023-04-07 Accepted:2023-05-26 Published:2023-06-12
  • Contact: Zhenghu Xu E-mail:xuzh@sdu.edu.cn

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摘要：

酸碱理论是化学原理中最基本最重要的理论之一，共轭酸碱的强度可以通过pKa数据的大小进行定量分析。在有机化学教学中，基于pKa数据进行教学，可以深入理解有机化合物酸性强弱、共轭碱碱性强弱，判断酸碱反应的方向等。在教学中从对理论定性的理解，升华到定量的分析，帮助学生形成清晰图像，在实际教学中取得了良好的成效。

关键词: 有机化学, 酸碱理论, 化学教学

Abstract:

Acid-base theory is one of the most basic and important theories in chemistry, the acid and basic strength can be referred by pKa value. In our organic chemistry course, we usually used pKa value as a useful tool to teach students many obscure theories, for example, pKa is helpful to understand the acidity strength of an acid, basicity of its conjugated base, determine the direction of acid-base equilibrium reaction, understand the strength of nucleophilicity, and the departure ability of a leaving group. Therefore, we can analyze both qualitatively and quantitatively through the pKa value of the substance. The method has been applied in practical teaching several years, and achieved very good results.

Key words: Organic chemistry, Acid-base theory, Chemistry teaching