超越惰性：氩的非常规化学键与稳定化策略

doi:10.12461/PKU.DXHX202601055

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 1894年氩被发现，其“惰性”印象已随其多种化合物的成功制备而被逐步打破。本文综述了氩化学的研究进展，首先从原子参数(电离能、极化率)角度阐述其潜在成键能力；进而系统介绍了从星际空间气相离子、到一系列包合物与内嵌物、再到极端高压下与金属或稀有气体自身形成的化合物，以及配位型分子(如HArF)的合成与表征。这些进展揭示了通过极端条件、高反应性伴侣及理论设计可实现氩的化学固定，其成键机制涵盖从弱相互作用到电荷转移乃至部分共价键。本文旨在梳理氩化学的发展脉络，为其未来研究提供参考。

关键词: 氩, 稀有气体, 化学键, 高压化学, 星际化学

Abstract: Argon, which was officially discovered in 1894, has seen its long-standing classification as "inert" progressively challenged by the successful synthesis of diverse compounds. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in argon chemistry. We first elucidate its latent bonding capability through atomic parameters, specifically ionization energy and polarizability. Subsequently, we systematically survey developments across multiple domains: from gaseous ions in interstellar space to various clathrates and endohedral complexes, then to compounds formed under extreme high-pressure conditions with metals or other noble gases, and finally to coordination-type molecules (e.g., HArF), encompassing their synthesis and characterization. These advancements demonstrate that argon's chemical fixation can be achieved through extreme conditions, highly reactive partners, and theoretical design, with bonding mechanisms ranging from weak interactions to charge transfer and even partial covalent bonding. This article aims to outline the evolution of argon chemistry and provide a foundation for future research.

Key words: Argon, Noble gas, Chemical bonding, High-pressure chemistry, Astrochemistry

任建林, 李冰, 郭燕, 刘翔宇. 超越惰性：氩的非常规化学键与稳定化策略[J]. 大学化学, 2026, (): 2601055.

Jianlin Ren, Bing Li, Yan Guo, Xiangyu Liu. Beyond inertness: unconventional chemical bonding and stabilization strategies of argon[J]. University Chemistry, 2026, (): 2601055.

链接本文: https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.12461/PKU.DXHX202601055

https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V/I/2601055

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