大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (10): 174-181.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202509081

科普 上一篇    

钧瓷的浴火重生记

周子越1, 王群1, 杨爽1, 王若瑄2, 李杨1, 卢松涛1, 吴晓宏1   

  1. 1 哈尔滨工业大学化工与化学学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001;
    2 东北农业大学动物医学学院, 黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 录用日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2026-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 王群 E-mail:wangqun5992@hit.edu.cn Qun Wang
  • 基金资助:
    校企联合培养专项(25XQLP010)

The phoenix rebirth of Jun porcelain through fire

Ziyue Zhou1, Qun Wang1, Shuang Yang1, Ruoxuan Wang2, Yang Li1, Songtao Lu1, Xiaohong Wu1   

  1. 1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China;
    2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Accepted:2025-11-20 Published:2026-10-13
  • Contact: Qun Wang E-mail:wangqun5992@hit.edu.cn

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摘要： 钧瓷是宋代五大名窑之一，其“入窑一色，出窑万彩”及釉色流动的特征背后蕴含着丰富的物理化学知识。本文将钧瓷拟人并设置一对师徒为主人公，从钧瓷的视角出发，还原钧瓷从原料选取到出窑成品的全生命过程。以物质和能量、微观和宏观科学为基础，力求生动展现胎土选择的化学原因、原料精炼的重要作用、釉料调配的科学讲究、釉烧过程中的精准调控和出窑时的成败判定以及开片玄机，使读者在趣味阅读中了解钧瓷中的物理化学知识并体味工匠精神。

关键词: 钧瓷, 窑变反应, 金属化合物, 结构色, 氧化还原焰

Abstract: Jun porcelain, one of the Five Great Kilns of the Song Dynasty, embodies profound physicochemical principles through its distinctive characteristics of “monochrome upon entering the kiln yet myriad hues upon emerging” and flowing glaze patterns. This study employs anthropomorphism, casting Jun Porcelain as the protagonist through a master-apprentice narrative framework, to elucidate its complete lifecycle from material selection to final kiln products. Grounded in the fundamental sciences of matter and energy at both microscopic and macroscopic scales, the research meticulously examines: the chemical rationale behind clay selection, the critical role of material refinement, the scientific principles governing glaze formulation, precise temperature control during firing, quality assessment criteria upon kiln discharge, and the mechanisms underlying crackle formation. The presentation aims to engage readers in appreciating both the chemical intricacies of Jun Porcelain and the essence of traditional craftsmanship through an accessible narrative approach.

Key words: Jun Porcelain, Kiln transformation reaction, Metal compounds, Structural coloration, Redox flame