大学化学 >> 2024, Vol. 39 >> Issue (4): 114-118.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309033

所属专题： 化学实验教学和管理(2023)

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表面活性剂溶致液晶的表征及相图绘制

姜渝凯, 王一涵, 张云恺, 尉云平, 马莹, 杜娜   

  1. 山东大学化学与化工学院, 胶体与界面化学教育部重点实验室, 济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-10 修回日期:2023-10-30 发布日期:2023-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 马莹, 杜娜 E-mail:maying@sdu.edu.cn;duna@sdu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省本科教学改革研究项目(Z2021039)

Characterization and Phase Diagram of Surfactant Lyotropic Liquid Crystal

Yukai Jiang, Yihan Wang, Yunkai Zhang, Yunping Wei, Ying Ma, Na Du   

  1. Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
  • Received:2023-09-10 Revised:2023-10-30 Published:2023-11-22

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摘要： 该实验以离子型表面活性剂C14TAB-水二元体系为研究对象，通过偏光显微镜和目视观察法详细研究体系的各向同(异)性、双折射、偏光织构等光学性质和相行为，利用小角X射线散射(SAXS)技术表征溶致液晶相的结构和参数，并绘制其二元相图。该实验在原有综合化学实验的基础上拓展研究体系，降低实验成本，提升实验准确性，可帮助学生在了解溶致液晶表观性质的基础上，进一步认识其微观结构，掌握表征技术的原理和方法，激发学生对物理化学实验的兴趣，有助于学生科学逻辑思维的拓展和实验技能的提高。

关键词: 溶致液晶, 表面活性剂, 双折射, 小角X射线散射

Abstract: Based on the binary system of ionic surfactant C14TAB and water, the optical properties and phase behavior of them including isotropy/anisotropy, birefringence, and optical texture are studied by polarized light microscopy and visual observation. The structure and parameters of the lyotropic liquid crystal phase are characterized by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and the binary phase diagram is constructed. This experiment expands the research system, reduces the experimental cost, and improves the experimental accuracy based on the original comprehensive chemistry experiment. It is helpful to understand the microstructure and properties of lyotropic liquid crystals; master the principles and methods of characterization techniques; stimulate the interests of students in physical chemistry. Further, it contributes to help students expand their scientific logic and improve their experimental skills.

Key words: Lyotropic liquid crystal, Surfactant, Birefringence, Small angle X-ray scattering