大学化学 >> 2024, Vol. 39 >> Issue (5): 345-353.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312009

所属专题： 第4届全国大学生化学实验创新设计大赛

上一篇    下一篇

电泳法测量胶体ζ电势的实验方法探究和仪器创新

梁峰, 李得胜, 蒋玉婷, 董家新, 刘冬成, 沈星灿   

  1. 广西师范大学化学与药学学院, 化学国家级实验教学示范中心(广西师范大学), 广西 桂林 541004
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-04 修回日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 董家新, 刘冬成, 沈星灿 E-mail:chemdjx@gxnu.edu.cn;ldcheng@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn;xcshen@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目(2021JGB132, 2023JGB109)；化学国家一流专业建设点；广西高等教育本科教学改革工程重点项目(2023JGZ108)

Method Exploration and Instrument Innovation for the Experiment of Colloid ζ Potential Measurement by Electrophoresis

Feng Liang, Desheng Li, Yuting Jiang, Jiaxin Dong, Dongcheng Liu, Xingcan Shen   

  1. School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Experimental Chemistry Teaching Center, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-12-04 Revised:2024-01-10 Published:2024-02-22
  • Contact: Jiaxin Dong, Dongcheng Liu, Xingcan Shen E-mail:chemdjx@gxnu.edu.cn;ldcheng@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn;xcshen@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn

PDF

1237

赞

摘要： 物理化学实验“电泳法测量胶体ζ电势”中存在胶体纯化耗时长、界面位置测量精度低等影响实验教学效果的问题。针对这些问题，本文探索了采用酸碱离子交换树脂快速、大量、可重复地纯化Fe(OH)3胶体的方法和条件；创新性设计了利用数显标尺和挡光片辅助精密测量胶体界面位置的装置，并将其和电泳管固定支架集成为一套专用仪器。更高的界面位置测量精度允许将电泳测量时间缩短至5 min，减小了电泳时间过长引起的电位梯度变化的影响。将改进后的方法和仪器应用于实验教学，学生的实验效率得到提高，测量结果偏差小，重复性好，为在实验教学中增加探索性实验奠定了基础。

关键词: ζ电势, 电泳, 氢氧化铁胶体, 离子交换, 仪器创新

Abstract: In the physical chemistry experiment “Colloid ζ potential measurement by electrophoresis”, there exist some issues affecting the effectiveness of experimental teaching, such as prolonged colloid purification time and low accuracy in interface position measurement. To address these challenges, this paper explores methods and conditions for the rapid, large-scale, and repeatable purification of Fe(OH)3 colloids using acid and alkali ion exchange resins. Additionally, an innovative device utilizing a digital scale and a light barrier for precise measurement of colloidal interface position has been designed. This device is integrated with the electrophoresis tube holder, forming a dedicated set of instrumentation. The increased accuracy in interface position measurement allows for a reduction in electrophoresis measurement time to 5 minutes, mitigating the impact of potential gradient changes caused by prolonged electrophoresis. The application of these improved methods and instruments in experimental teaching has resulted in enhanced efficiency, reduced measurement result deviation, and improved repeatability. This lays the groundwork for incorporating some exploratory experiments into the teaching program.

Key words: ζ Potential, Electrophoresis, Ferric hydroxide colloid, Ion exchange, Instrument innovation