固相微萃取与质谱联用技术在环境检测中的应用

doi:10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504078

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 固相微萃取(SPME)是一种集萃取、浓缩、解吸和进样于一体的样品前处理技术，具有操作简单、成本低廉、效率高和溶剂消耗少等显著优点。自20世纪90年代加拿大滑铁卢大学的Belardi和Pawliszyn首次提出以来，SPME技术已成为环境分析领域的重要工具。SPME技术与质谱(MS)技术的联用，能够有效检测和定量分析环境污染物，为环境污染物的分析提供了强有力的工具。本文综述了SPME-MS联用技术(SPME-GC-MS、SPME-LC/HPLC-MS、SPME-AMS)在环境分析中的应用进展，阐述了SPME技术的基本原理，介绍了萃取方式和涂层材料，并说明了这三种联用方式及其在环境方面的应用实例，最后，对该技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 样品前处理, 固相微萃取, 涂层, 质谱

Abstract: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) represents an integrated sample pretreatment technology combining extraction, concentration, desorption, and sampling processes in a single step. Characterized by operational simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, and minimal solvent requirements, this technique has emerged as a critical analytical tool in environmental sciences since its initial development in the 1990s by Belardi and Pawliszyn at the University of Waterloo, Canada. The integration of SPME with mass spectrometry (MS) enables effective detection and quantitative analysis of environmental pollutants, establishing a robust methodology for environmental monitoring. This review systematically examines the fundamental principles of SPME technology, including its extraction mechanisms and advanced coating materials. It further analyzes three principal hyphenated techniques (SPME-GC-MS, SPME-LC/HPLC-MS, and SPME-AMS) through their operational characteristics and environmental application case studies. The paper concludes with a critical perspective on future research directions, focusing on technical optimization and expanded implementation potential in environmental analytical chemistry.

Key words: Sample pretreatment, Solid phase microextraction, Coating, Mass spectrometry

侯思维, 牛雅新, 张广录, 杨燕美, 王栩, 陈蓁蓁. 固相微萃取与质谱联用技术在环境检测中的应用[J]. 大学化学, 2026, 41(3): 297-306.

Siwei Hou, Yaxin Niu, Guanglu Zhang, Yanmei Yang, Xu Wang, Zhenzhen Chen. Application of Solid-Phase Microextraction and Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Detection[J]. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(3): 297-306.

链接本文: https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504078

https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V41/I3/297

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