氖的特殊化学物种：研究进展与成键机制

doi:10.12461/PKU.DXHX202508055

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氖是价电子层为2s²2p⁶的闭壳层八隅体，属轻稀有气体，因而在常规条件下表现出极强的化学惰性。近年来，借助高精度计算化学对势能面的系统预测，以及极端条件下原位实验技术(低温基质隔离、高压金刚石对顶砧、同步辐射原位光谱等)的同步发展，研究者已能在实验室尺度诱导氖与特定宿主发生弱相互作用，生成若干“非经典”化学物种。本文在梳理现有文献的基础上，将这些发现归纳为三类：包合物(含内嵌富勒烯化合物)、高压下与碱金属/碱土金属形成的离子型化合物、低温基质中与含硅自由基的范德华复合物(含与四氯化碳的电荷转移复合物)，其成键机制与已报道的氦化合物具有高度相似。

关键词: 稀有气体, 氖, 包合物, 化合物, 复合物

Abstract: Neon, characterized by its closed-shell 2s²2p⁶ valence electron configuration, is a light noble gas and exhibits pronounced chemical inertness under standard conditions. With the advances in modern chemical methodologies, sophisticated techniques for interrogating potential energy surfaces and in situ experiments under extreme conditions have begun to reveal its latent reactivity. Cryogenic matrix isolation, high-pressure diamond anvil cell experiments and synchrotron radiation-based spectroscopy have uncovered weak interactions between neon and various hosts, achieving the characterization of non-classical compounds. A survey of the literature allows these findings to be classified into three primary categories: inclusion complexes (containing embedded fullerene compounds), ionic compounds with alkali or alkaline earth metals stabilized by high pressure, and van der Waals complexes (including charge-transfer species with carbon tetrachloride) formed with silicon-containing radicals in cryogenic matrices. The bonding mechanisms are highly similar to those of helium compounds that have been reported.

Key words: Noble gas, Neon, Clathrate, Compound, Complex

任建林, 李冰, 郭燕, 刘翔宇. 氖的特殊化学物种：研究进展与成键机制[J]. 大学化学, 2026, 41(9): 182-201.

Jianlin Ren, Bing Li, Yan Guo, Xiangyu Liu. Special chemical species of neon: research progress and bonding mechanism[J]. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(9): 182-201.

链接本文: https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/10.12461/PKU.DXHX202508055

https://www.dxhx.pku.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V41/I9/182

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