大学化学 >> 2022, Vol. 37 >> Issue (1): 2112014.doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202112014

今日化学 上一篇    

2021年度诺贝尔化学奖：大道至简

冯向青1,2, 杜海峰1,2,*()   

  1. 1 中国科学院化学研究所分子识别与功能院重点实验室, 北京 100190
    2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-07 录用日期:2021-12-17 发布日期:2021-12-22
  • 通讯作者: 杜海峰 E-mail:haifengdu@iccas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:杜海峰, Email: haifengdu@iccas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21825108)

The 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry: The Simpler the Better

Xiangqing Feng1,2, Haifeng Du1,2,*()   

  1. 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute for Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-12-07 Accepted:2021-12-17 Published:2021-12-22
  • Contact: Haifeng Du E-mail:haifengdu@iccas.ac.cn

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摘要：

有机小分子成为继酶和金属催化剂之后发展的一类新型催化剂，被称为第三类催化。有机小分子催化作为一种精确的分子构建新工具，对手性新药研发产生了巨大影响，在药物、农药、化工、材料等领域都得到了广泛的应用。2021年的诺贝尔化学奖授予了德国化学家本杰明·利斯特和美国化学家大卫·迈克米伦，以表彰他们在这一领域做出的开创性重要贡献。本文简述了手性现象和不对称催化，有机小分子催化的发展历程及其催化优势和未来前景。

关键词: 手性, 不对称催化, 有机小分子催化, 诺贝尔化学奖

Abstract:

Organic molecules have become one novel type of catalysts developed after enzymes and metal catalysts, which are named as organocalysis, the third type of catalysis. As a new tool toward the precise construction of molecules, organocatalysis has a huge impact on the development of chiral new drugs, which has been used in the fields of pharmacy, pesticides, chemicals, materials, and so on. The 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to German chemist Benjamin List and American chemist David W. C. MacMillan for their pioneering and important contributions to this field. This article will briefly describe chirality and asymmetric catalysis, especially, the history of organocatalysis development, its advantages and future prospects.

Key words: Chirality, Asymmetric catalysis, Organic small molecule catalysis, Nobel prize in chemistry