大学化学 >> 2025, Vol. 40 >> Issue (6): 129-138.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408118

所属专题: 有机磷化学

知识介绍 上一篇    下一篇

有机磷杀虫剂的前世今生

张峻源, 苗志伟   

  1. 南开大学化学学院, 元素有机化学国家重点实验室, 天津 300071
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-28 录用日期:2024-11-13 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 苗志伟 E-mail:miaozhiwei@nankai.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(22071113);福建省南平市科技项目(N2020Z008)

The Evolution and Current Status of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Junyuan Zhang, Zhiwei Miao   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2024-08-28 Accepted:2024-11-13 Published:2025-06-20
  • Contact: MIAO Zhiwei E-mail:miaozhiwei@nankai.edu.cn

摘要: 有机磷杀虫剂是一类重要的农用化学品,在防治农业病虫害和促进农作物增产中起着举足轻重的作用。随着有机磷杀虫剂的广泛使用,也带来了不可忽视的环境问题和潜在的健康风险,因此相当一部分有机磷杀虫剂已被禁用并退出市场。但是因为有机磷杀虫剂具有高效、低成本、易生产等优势,目前仍有少数品种在农业生产中继续发挥着重要作用,特别是在欠发达国家和地区仍有一定的发展空间。本文综述了有机磷杀虫剂的发展历史和现状,并对其未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 有机磷杀虫剂, 历史, 作用机理, 环境影响, 未来发展

Abstract: Organophosphorus pesticides are a critical class of agricultural chemicals that play a significant role in pest and disease control and in enhancing crop yields. However, their widespread use has also led to serious environmental concerns and potential health risks, prompting the ban and discontinuation of many products. Despite these challenges, organophosphorus pesticides continue to be favored for their high efficiency, low cost, and ease of production. A few types remain essential in agricultural practices, particularly in less-developed regions where their use still holds potential for growth. This article provides a comprehensive review of the development, current status, and future prospects of organophosphorus pesticides.

Key words: Organophosphorus pesticides, History, Mechanism of action, Environmental impact, Future prospects