大学化学 >> 2026, Vol. 41 >> Issue (3): 297-306.doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504078

知识介绍 上一篇    下一篇

固相微萃取与质谱联用技术在环境检测中的应用

侯思维1, 牛雅新2, 张广录1, 杨燕美1, 王栩1, 陈蓁蓁1   

  1. 1 山东师范大学化学化工与材料科学学院, 分子与纳米探针教育部重点实验室, 济南 250014;
    2 山东大学附属儿童医院(济南市儿童医院), 济南 250022
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-28 录用日期:2025-05-23 发布日期:2026-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 陈蓁蓁 E-mail:zzchen@sdnu.edu.cn Zhenzhen Chen
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2024MB152),山东省本科教学改革研究重点项目(Z2023098)

Application of Solid-Phase Microextraction and Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Detection

Siwei Hou1, Yaxin Niu2, Guanglu Zhang1, Yanmei Yang1, Xu Wang1, Zhenzhen Chen1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Molecular and NanoProbe of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China;
    2 Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University (Jinan Children's Hospital), Jinan 250022, China
  • Received:2025-04-28 Accepted:2025-05-23 Published:2026-03-24
  • Contact: Zhenzhen Chen E-mail:zzchen@sdnu.edu.cn

摘要: 固相微萃取(SPME)是一种集萃取、浓缩、解吸和进样于一体的样品前处理技术,具有操作简单、成本低廉、效率高和溶剂消耗少等显著优点。自20世纪90年代加拿大滑铁卢大学的Belardi和Pawliszyn首次提出以来,SPME技术已成为环境分析领域的重要工具。SPME技术与质谱(MS)技术的联用,能够有效检测和定量分析环境污染物,为环境污染物的分析提供了强有力的工具。本文综述了SPME-MS联用技术(SPME-GC-MS、SPME-LC/HPLC-MS、SPME-AMS)在环境分析中的应用进展,阐述了SPME技术的基本原理,介绍了萃取方式和涂层材料,并说明了这三种联用方式及其在环境方面的应用实例,最后,对该技术的未来发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 样品前处理, 固相微萃取, 涂层, 质谱

Abstract: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) represents an integrated sample pretreatment technology combining extraction, concentration, desorption, and sampling processes in a single step. Characterized by operational simplicity, cost-effectiveness, high efficiency, and minimal solvent requirements, this technique has emerged as a critical analytical tool in environmental sciences since its initial development in the 1990s by Belardi and Pawliszyn at the University of Waterloo, Canada. The integration of SPME with mass spectrometry (MS) enables effective detection and quantitative analysis of environmental pollutants, establishing a robust methodology for environmental monitoring. This review systematically examines the fundamental principles of SPME technology, including its extraction mechanisms and advanced coating materials. It further analyzes three principal hyphenated techniques (SPME-GC-MS, SPME-LC/HPLC-MS, and SPME-AMS) through their operational characteristics and environmental application case studies. The paper concludes with a critical perspective on future research directions, focusing on technical optimization and expanded implementation potential in environmental analytical chemistry.

Key words: Sample pretreatment, Solid phase microextraction, Coating, Mass spectrometry