Abstract: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy is a widely used instrumental analysis technique, often referred to as the “magic glasses” for material identification and research. XRF spectrometers are characterized by their high accuracy, broad elemental analysis range, and non-destructive nature, making them widely applicable in fields such as food analysis, environmental monitoring, and industrial testing. This paper provides an overview of the development history, fundamental principles, and classification of XRF instruments, while also summarizing its applications in areas such as food analysis, archaeological relic studies, and rapid imaging.

Key words: X-ray fluorescence, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, Multi-element analysis